集群和一个形状交换机驱动哺乳动物受体氨酸激酶ROS1的激活
Hengyi Li1,2, Jianan Zhang1,2, Tongqing Li1,2
1Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Nature communications
|February 16, 2026
概括
研究人员发现了NELL2如何通过诱导集群和构造变化来激活ROS1 (受体氨酸激酶). 这一发现为针对ROS1驱动癌症的新生物疗法铺平了道路.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 受体氨酸激酶 (RTKs) 调节细胞信号传递,并且在癌症中经常失调.
- ROS1,一个孤儿RTK,涉及到各种瘤,但它的激活机制和向治疗缺乏.
研究的目的:
- 阐明哺乳动物ROS1受体的激活机制.
- 通过其连接体NELL2.2来表征ROS1激活的结构基础.
- 开发针对癌症中的ROS1的新型治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 电子显微镜 (Cryo-EM) 用于确定ROS1在不同状态中的结构.
- 生物化学测试以表征受体激活和连接体结合.
- 开发和测试针对ROS1.1的单克隆抗体.
主要成果:
- 低温-EM结构显示,三重体NELL2结合会诱导ROS1聚类和一个减轻自身抑制的 conformational 开关.
- ROS1的激活需要受体聚类和由NELL2.2诱导的构造开关.
- 与dROS1的进化比较凸显了保存的RTKs中不同的调节机制.
- 开发出了单克隆抗体,可以阻止NELL2结合或将ROS1陷入不活跃状态,从而有效抑制ROS1信号传递.
结论:
- 尼尔2通过一种独特的机制激活ROS1,其中包括受体聚类和形状变化.
- 这些发现揭示了RTK监管的新模式.
- 开发的抗体代表了ROS1驱动癌症的不同治疗类别,为向治疗建立了框架.
更多相关视频
06:54Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
Published on: October 27, 2020
14.5K
09:32Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
Published on: June 15, 2017
9.2K
相关概念视频
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases
19.5K
Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...
19.5K
MAPK Signaling Cascades
8.7K
Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
8.7K
Enzyme-linked Receptors
86.8K
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
86.8K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
5.7K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
5.7K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
18.7K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
18.7K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways
7.4K
Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
7.4K
