生活方式限制对老年人的记忆的影响
Jessica M V McMaster1, Helena M Gellersen1,2, Saana M Korkki1,3
1Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
PloS one
|February 17, 2026
概括
在老年人中,COVID-19限制减少了生活方式活动,但整体记忆性能保持稳定. 然而,痴呆风险影响了生活方式变化如何影响记忆恢复.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 智力刺激,社交互动和体育炼等生活方式活动对于认知储备至关重要,有助于大脑弥补与年龄相关的变化.
- 由于COVID-19大流行,这些保护性生活方式活动受到前所未有的限制,这引发了对潜在的有害认知影响的质疑,特别是在老年人中.
研究的目的:
- 调查与流行病相关的生活方式限制对老年人记忆表现的影响.
- 为了检查疫情期间生活方式参与的变化是否与记忆检索成功和精度的变化相关.
主要方法:
- 在COVID-19大流行之前 (面对面) 和在 (在线) 期间,使用测量老年人检索成功和精度的任务评估长期记忆.
- 实验1验证了在线记忆任务与年轻成年人面对面测试的可比性.
- 实验2分析了生活方式参与的变化及其与老年人记忆表现的相关性,考虑到痴呆风险和抑郁症.
主要成果:
- 在疫情期间,老年人生活方式参与度显著下降.
- 在生活方式变化和记忆性能之间没有发现总体显著的相关性.
- 生活方式对恢复成功的影响与痴呆风险和抑郁症有所不同,这表明痴呆风险增加增加了对生活方式变化影响的易感性.
结论:
- 虽然整体记忆性能保持不变,但特定的记忆特征,如检索成功,受到生活方式因素的差异影响.
- 认知储备理论得到了支持,因为患有痴呆症风险较高的个体似乎更容易受到生活方式障碍的认知后果的影响.
- 研究结果强调了老年人生活方式,认知储备和记忆之间的细微关系,特别是在具有挑战性的环境下,如流行病.
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