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应用人工智能模型预防手术并发症:对临床准备和实施障碍的范围审查
Kjersti Mevik1,2,3, Ashenafi Zebene Woldaregay4, Eva Lindell Jonsson5,6
1Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, 8092, Norway, 47 97123977.
JMIR AI
|February 17, 2026
概括
人工智能 (AI) 模型在预测外科手术并发症方面表现出高准确性,但实际障碍阻碍了临床实施. 未来的研究应该专注于未来的验证,并解决临床医生的担忧,以便更广泛地采用.
科学领域:
- * 生物医学信息学
- * 临床决策支持系统
- * 手术安全和质量改善.
背景情况:
- *手术并发症对患者,医疗保健提供者和系统产生重大影响.
- *尽管人工智能 (AI) 取得了进展,但实时数据集成用于主动预防手术并发症是有限的.
- * 在未来实施人工智能用于手术决策和降低风险方面存在差距.
研究的目的:
- *审查和分析人工智能模型的采用和应用,以预防手术并发症.
- * 确定影响这些人工智能模型的床边实施的障碍和促进因素.
主要方法:
- * 根据PRISMA-ScR指南进行全面的范围审查.
- * 在11个主要数据库 (IEEE Xplore,Scopus,Web of Science等) 进行文献搜索. 从2013年1月开始到2025年1月.
- *包括在现实环境中对人工智能的实证,同行评审研究,以预防手术并发症 (感染,心脏,肺,中风);排除追溯算法验证和非实证研究.
主要成果:
- * 19项研究符合纳入标准,显示了人工智能模型的高技术准确性 (灵敏度,AUC),特别是决策支持工具.
- *人工智能模型的常规临床采用仍然很低.
- *临床医生对人工智能模型有用性的看法在很大程度上是积极的,尽管采用挑战仍然存在.
结论:
- *人工智能模型显示出预测和预防手术并发症的巨大潜力,因为它们的准确性很高.
- *实施障碍包括可用性问题,工作流集成挑战,信任缺陷和财务/道德问题.
- *未来的研究需要前性验证,探索各种生理特征,并直接与临床医生就概括性和采用问题进行接触.
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