迁徙鸟类与风能生产的共存:哥特哈德风电场 (瑞士) 作为一个案例研究
1Studio Alpino Tettamanti, La Campagna d Zora 15, 6678, Lodano, Switzerland.
Journal of environmental management
|February 17, 2026
概括
这项关于哥特哈德风电场的研究发现,调整轮机关闭并没有减少鸟类碰撞. 制定了一项管理策略,以平衡风能产量,尽量减少对候鸟的影响.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 野生动物生物学 野生动物生物学
- 可再生能源影响评估.
背景情况:
- 全球对风能日益增长的需求需要评估其对野生动物,特别是鸟类的影响.
- 鸟类与风力轮机的碰撞对鸟类种群构成重大威胁,并引起人们对风力发电可持续性的担忧.
- 哥特哈德风力发电场 (GWP) 坐落在夜行鸟的主要迁徙路线上,促使对其生态影响进行研究.
研究的目的:
- 在四年时间内分析哥特哈德风电场 (GWP) 鸟类碰撞率.
- 确定最佳的轮机关闭值,以尽量减少鸟类碰撞,同时保持能源生产.
- 为GWP制定一个全面的管理策略,以平衡能源生产与鸟类保护.
主要方法:
- 利用了一项为期四年的研究 (2021-2024年),涉及GWP的六个迁徙季节.
- 实施了雷达系统和可见度探测器,用于监测鸟类的移动和识别高风险区域.
- 进行了详细的地面搜索以检测尸体,并分析了轮机关闭数据.
主要成果:
- 在2021-2022年和2023-2024年之间,叶片关闭时间的变化并没有显著改变鸟类碰撞的数量.
- 通过雷达和可见度监测,确定了夜间迁徙过鸟的特定高风险通道.
- 制定了一项管理策略,成功地将鸟类影响限制在可接受的水平.
结论:
- 单纯的轮机关闭调整不足以降低GWP的鸟类碰撞率.
- 积极的管理策略,包括雷达监测和尸体搜索,是有效的减轻鸟类的影响.
- 开发的战略优化能源生产,同时确保风能在敏感的鸟类迁徙走廊中的可持续性.
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