社区初级保健护士的临床有效性和成本效益:一个元分析
Melati Fajarini1, Chien-Mei Sung2, Yi-Shu Lin3
1School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, No.250, Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, Taiwan; Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Jl. Cemp. Putih Tengah No.27, RT.11/RW.5, Cemp. Putih Tim., Kec. Cemp. Putih, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota, Jakarta, Indonesia.
International journal of nursing studies
|February 17, 2026
概括
初级社区卫生护士提供了一个具有成本效益的解决方案,改善患者健康并减少医疗保健利用率. 投资这些护士对于实现全民健康覆盖和平等获得优质护理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 护理科学 护理科学
背景情况:
- 全球医疗保健劳动力短缺阻碍了全民医疗覆盖和公平获取.
- 初级社区卫生护士是提议的解决方案,以提高护理的准入和质量.
- 关于社区初级卫生护士的影响和经济价值的证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 与医疗从业者相比,综合结合了社区初级卫生护士成本效益的证据.
- 评估对患者健康和经济结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 经济评估的元分析与随机对照试验 (RCT) 结合在一起.
- 在2025年10月之前搜索了多个数据库 (CINAHL,CENTRAL,Embase,Medline-OVID,PubMed,EconLit,NHS经济评估数据库)
- 使用随机效应模型,调节器和元回归分析分析了患者健康结果,健康资源利用率和成本效益.
主要成果:
- 包括21项研究,共有14523名参与者.
- 初级社区卫生护士显著改善了患者健康结果,包括减少抑郁,焦虑,疲劳,改善日常功能和患者满意度.
- 从付款人和社会角度来看,证明了显著的成本效益,减少了医疗资源的利用,如门诊访问和住院治疗.
结论:
- 初级社区卫生护士是实现全民医疗覆盖和可持续医疗保健的成本效益高的战略.
- 它们提高了患者的健康结果,并优化了卫生资源的利用率,特别是减少了住院和门诊访问.
- 对社区初级卫生护士的战略投资对于推进健康公平和可访问,高质量的初级保健至关重要.
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