在精神分裂特征中对现实世界的社会互动进行威胁歧视
Akila Kadambi1,2, Sophia Baia3, Elinor Yeo3
1Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. akadambi@ucla.edu.
Psychonomic bulletin & review
|February 17, 2026
概括
具有高精神分裂特征的个体在社会背景较高时,难以检测威胁. 减少社交线索可以提高他们的能力,这表明背景干扰是精神分裂症频谱威胁困难的基础.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学是一种认知神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 威胁检测缺陷在精神分裂症谱系障碍中很常见,表现为偏执和妄想.
- 这些困难扩展到患有精神分裂症的非临床个体,可能与对社会压力因素过敏相关.
- 了解社会背景在威胁感知中的作用对于解释这些缺陷至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会背景如何影响非临床人群中威胁检测.
- 检查精神分裂和自闭症特征对社会背景调节的威胁检测的影响.
- 探索神经和认知机制,在精神分裂症风险的个人潜在的威胁感知.
主要方法:
- 使用自然主义视频的社会互动,分类为威胁或非威胁.
- 采用深度学习模型来操纵视频刺激中的社会背景量.
- 在不同的社会背景条件下,评估威胁检测性能与个人精神分裂和自闭症特征相关.
主要成果:
- 具有高度精神分裂特征的个体表现出与社会背景增加的威胁歧视受损.
- 相反,减少社会背景 (仅限身体动力学) 改善了高精神分裂型个体的威胁检测.
- 这些效应被特定的特征放大,如怀疑,奇怪的信念 (精神分裂症) 和社会沟通缺陷 (自闭症谱).
结论:
- 处理社会背景的中断似乎是精神分裂症谱中威胁检测困难的一个关键因素.
- 社会背景根据个体特征水平不同地调节威胁感知,特别是在具有精神分裂和自闭症特征的人中.
- 这些发现提供了对社会认知和威胁处理在精神病风险背后的机制的见解.
更多相关视频
11:13The Social Dimension of Stress: Experimental Manipulations of Social Support and Social Identity in the Trier Social Stress Test
Published on: November 19, 2015
14.6K
06:58Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
Published on: January 24, 2020
7.9K
相关概念视频
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
95.6K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
95.6K
Personality Disorders: Paranoid and Schizoid
723
Personality disorders represent enduring cognition, affect, and behavior patterns that significantly deviate from societal norms. These maladaptive traits often lead to difficulties in various domains, including interpersonal relationships, occupational settings, and overall psychological well-being. Paranoid personality disorder and schizoid personality disorder are two distinct conditions marked by odd or eccentric behavior.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality disorder is...
723
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
42.6K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
42.6K
Stereotype Content Model
15.5K
The Stereotype Content Model (SCM) was first proposed by Susan Fiske and her colleagues (Fiske, Cuddy, Glick & Xu, 2002; see also Fiske, 2012 and Fiske, 2017). The SCM specifies that when someone encounters a new group, they will stereotype them based on two metrics: warmth—or that group’s perceived intent, and how likely they are to provide help or inflict harm—and competence—or their ability to carry out that objective. Depending on the warmth-competence...
15.5K
Personality Disorders: Schizotypal and Histrionic
649
Schizotypal personality disorder and histrionic personality disorder are two distinct psychological conditions classified under personality disorders, each characterized by unique behavioral patterns and social difficulties. Both disorders significantly affect interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being, leading to social isolation and frustration.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Eccentric Behavior and Social Withdrawal
Schizotypal personality disorder is marked by odd or eccentric...
Schizotypal Personality Disorder: Eccentric Behavior and Social Withdrawal
Schizotypal personality disorder is marked by odd or eccentric...
649
Schizophrenia
1.1K
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
1.1K
