基于机器学习的集体预测模型用于预防心血管疾病
Neeraj Kumar1,2, Rekha Agarwal1, Lokesh Kumar Sharma3
1Amity Institute of Information Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
概括
这项研究通过在大型数据集上使用机器学习 (ML) 组合模型来增强心血管疾病 (CVD) 的预测. 开发的框架实现了高精度,提高了诊断稳定性和对心血管疾病检测的决策支持.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 是全球主要的死亡原因,在印度发生率显著增加.
- 目前用于CVD预测的机器学习 (ML) 模型面临由于数据集大小和通用性的局限性,影响其稳定性.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种增强的ML预测模型,用于使用组合方法检测心血管疾病.
- 通过利用广泛的临床数据集,提高心血管疾病预测模型的准确性和稳定性.
主要方法:
- 整合了六个数据集,包括7916个临床记录,根据特征分为数据集1 (n=3,676) 和数据集2 (n=4,240).
- 应用了数据集1的二进制和多类分类,数据集2的二进制分类 (10年风险),采用了相同的预处理和探索性数据分析.
- 开发了18个不同的ML模型,使用LazyPredict选择了前10名表演者,并通过投票分类器将其集成到一个合奏模型中.
主要成果:
- 在数据集1上实现了96.5%的二进制分类准确度和85.5%的多类分类准确度.
- 在数据集2的10年心血管疾病风险预测中获得了81.18%的准确性.
- 与传统和现有的ML模型相比,整体框架显示出更高的性能.
结论:
- 拟议的整体ML框架显著提高了心血管疾病预测的准确性和稳定性.
- 该研究为心血管疾病检测提供了改进的决策支持,通过强大的建模减轻了偏差.
- 这种方法解决了当前基于ML的CVD预测系统中数据集大小和通用性的局限性.
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