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种族,结构性种族主义和肥胖之间的途径跨越美国人口普查区
Leonard E Egede1, Rebekah J Walker1, Jennifer A Campbell1
1Division of Population Health, Department of Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
|February 18, 2026
概括
结构性种族主义显著影响肥胖率,特别是在非裔美国人 (AAs) 中,直接和间接的途径已被确定. 非西班牙裔白人 (NHWs) 和亚洲人也通过结构性种族主义显示与肥胖的间接关系.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 肥胖的患病率在美国的种族和民族群体之间有很大的差异.
- 了解结构性种族主义在这些差异中的作用对于制定有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,社会经济因素与健康结果之间存在联系,但涉及结构性种族主义的具体机制需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查直接和间接的途径,将种族/种族,当代结构性种族主义和肥胖率联系起来.
- 量化结构性种族主义对不同种族和民族群体在人口普查区层面的肥胖的影响.
- 为了确定特定的种族/民族群体不成比例地受到结构性种族主义与肥胖有关的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用来自38个州的11,457个人口普查区的数据,包括肥胖率 (CDC PLACES) 和结构性种族主义 (结构性种族主义效应指数 - SREI).
- 种族/种族组成 (非洲裔美国人/黑人,非西班牙裔白人,西班牙裔,亚洲人) 通过人口普查数据确定.
- 结构方程建模用于分析种族,结构性种族主义和肥胖之间的直接和间接关系.
主要成果:
- 结构性种族主义与更高的肥胖患病率 (0.70,p < 0.001) 直接相关.
- 非洲裔美国人 (AA) 种族与更高的肥胖率 (0.67,p < 0.001) 有直接关联,通过结构性种族主义 (0.23,p < 0.001) 有间接关联.
- 非西班牙裔白人 (NHW) 种族与更高的肥胖 (0.47,p < 0.001) 有直接关联,与结构性种族主义有负面关联 (-0.43,p < 0.001),而亚洲种族与肥胖和结构性种族主义都有负面关联.
结论:
- 非洲裔美国人 (AA) 和非西班牙裔白人 (NHW) 种群与肥胖有直接的积极关系,而亚洲种群与肥胖有负面关系.
- 一个显著的积极的间接关系,AA种族和肥胖是通过结构性种族主义调解.
- 与其他种族/种族群体相比,结构性种族主义对肥胖的影响在非洲裔美国人中最为明显,这凸显了需要种族意识的公共卫生战略的需要.
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