神经精神障碍的逆氧疗法:分子机制和生物标志物的发展机制
Kyle W Cuklanz1, Abigail Stein1,2, Virginie-Anne Chouinard1,3
1Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
Science advances
|February 18, 2026
概括
尼古丁胺胺氨基二核酸 (NAD+) 中的氧还原失衡会影响大脑疾病. 恢复NAD+平衡是有希望的,但临床成功需要对神经退行性疾病有更好的理解和生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 药理学 药理学 是一个学科.
背景情况:
- 氧还原失调,特别是尼古丁胺胺二核酸 (NAD+) /NADH比率失衡,与神经退行和精神疾病有关.
- 这种不平衡会加剧线粒体功能障碍,氧化应激和神经炎症,导致疾病病理.
- 目前针对氧化还原平衡的治疗策略由于对NAD+代谢的不完全理解和缺乏体内生物标志物的缺乏,因此显示出有限的临床疗效.
研究的目的:
- 审查脑疾病中与NAD+相关的生物能量缺陷背后的分子机制.
- 检查当前和新兴的NAD +针对神经和精神疾病的向疗法.
- 讨论最近的神经成像生物标志物的进展,以评估 redox 状态和线粒体功能 in vivo.
主要方法:
- 关于与NAD+代谢相关的分子机制,治疗策略和神经成像生物标志物的文献综述.
- 对针对NAD+的干预措施的临床前和临床数据的分析.
- 评估用于测量体内生物标志物的新型神经成像技术.
主要成果:
- NAD+平衡对于神经元功能至关重要,其失调有助于各种脑部疾病.
- 虽然临床前数据是有希望的,但NAD+恢复疗法的临床转化受到理解亚细胞NAD+循环的挑战所阻碍.
- 开发体内生物标志物对于测量目标参与度和指导个性化治疗方法至关重要.
结论:
- 通过NAD+向疗法恢复氧化还原平衡,有可能治疗神经退行性和精神疾病.
- 对NAD+亚细胞动态的进一步研究和验证的体内生物标志物的开发对于临床成功至关重要.
- 通过先进的神经成像进行信息的个性化和机制驱动的方法是优化治疗结果的关键.
相关概念视频
01:27Redox Reactions
1.2K
Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
1.2K
01:24Redox Reactions
59.0K
Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
59.0K
01:46Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II
19.1K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
19.1K
01:21Redox Titration: Overview
5.1K
Redox titration is a chemical analysis technique used to determine the concentration of an unknown substance by measuring the electron transfer in a redox (reduction-oxidation) reaction. The process involves gradually adding a titrant with a known concentration of an oxidizing or reducing agent, to the analyte, the solution with an unknown concentration, until reaching the endpoint, which indicates the completion of the reaction between the two substances. Ensuring the analyte is in a single...
5.1K
01:27Phase I Reactions: Reductive Reactions
647
Phase I biotransformation reductive reactions are chemical processes that modify drugs by introducing or revealing polar functional groups via reduction. Enzymes called reductases catalyze these reactions, playing a pivotal role in drug metabolism by transforming lipophilic drugs into more polar, water-soluble metabolites for easy excretion. An essential type of reductive reaction is the carbonyl group reduction, where aldehydes and ketones are reduced to alcohols. An example is the...
647
01:23Redox Equilibria: Overview
1.6K
A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
1.6K