改进的平衡随机森林 (iBRF):在不平衡的数据集中进行碰撞严重程度分类的灵活混合重新采样-背包框架
Seyed Iman Mohammadpour1, Javadreza Vahedi1
1Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.
Traffic injury prevention
|February 18, 2026
概括
在事故数据中的阶级不平衡是一个挑战. 改进平衡随机森林 (iBRF) 模型有效地解决了这一问题,通过结合重新采样和组合方法,改善严重撞击结果分类.
科学领域:
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
- 交通安全 交通安全 交通安全
背景情况:
- 阶级不平衡在准确分类罕见但关键事件方面构成了重大挑战,例如严重事故的结果.
- 传统的重新采样方法可能会导致过拟合和信息丢失,从而损害模型的可靠性.
- 准确分类严重事故的结果对于有效的安全干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 引入改进平衡随机森林 (iBRF),这是一个新的整体框架,旨在克服严重事故结果分类中的类不平衡.
- 开发一个强大的模型,将各种重新采样技术与集体学习相结合,以提高预测准确度.
主要方法:
- 该iBRF框架将少数阶级的保护与使用SMOTE,NCR和RUS的多数阶级低抽样结合在一起.
- 在每次代中,一个决策树在平衡的数据上进行训练,最终预测是通过基于G-平均值的加权软投票生成的.
- 使用G-mean和MCC对持久数据进行性能评估,将iBRF与其他机器学习模型进行比较.
主要成果:
- 与各种重新采样技术 (SMOTE,RUS,NCR,CTGANs) 和最先进的组合方法 (XGBoost,RF,LightGBM等) 相比,iBRF表现出优异的性能. ) 的情况.
- 该iBRF算法显著改善了G-平均值,比简单RF提高9.30%,比SMOTE-RF提高4.50%.
- 该模型在基于平衡指标的不平衡数据集上实现了更好的分类准确性.
结论:
- 该iBRF算法有效地提高了不平衡数据集的分类性能,特别是用于识别严重崩的结果.
- 该框架有助于识别与少数阶级 (严重事故) 相关的关键风险因素.
- iBRF为改善交通安全分析和干预策略提供了一个有希望的方法.
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