在肥胖的背景下,与微生物相关的分子模式差异化介导乳腺组织的致癌变化
Mohamed Gaber1, Lauren M Moulden1, Adam S Wilson1
1Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
概括
肥胖会提高乳腺组织的脂聚糖 (LPS) 和鞭毛蛋白,增加DNA损伤和炎症. 这些与肥胖相关的微生物变化可能会增加乳腺癌风险.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 肥胖是已知的乳腺癌风险因素,与微生物组变化有关.
- 肥胖驱动的微生物转移对乳腺癌风险的具体影响尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 研究由肥胖影响的微生物相关分子模式 (MAMP) 信号如何影响基因组不稳定性和乳腺组织的炎症.
- 确定特定的MAMP,脂多糖 (LPS) 和鞭在与肥胖相关的乳腺癌倾向中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对人类乳腺组织样本进行分析,以量化MAMP水平 (LPS,鞭毛素,脂铁酸 - LTA) 与肥胖状况相关.
- 在小鼠乳腺 (MG) 中通过LPS和鞭毛素注射诱导炎症和DNA损伤.
- 在高脂肪饮食中的小鼠中进行基因操纵 (对类似收费受体 (TLRs) 的抑制),以评估TLR4,TLR5和TLR2的作用.
- 在体外实验中使用乳腺菌培养来研究LPS,鞭毛素和LTA对DNA损伤,活性氧物种 (ROS) 生成和NF-κB通路激活的影响.
- 对非癌症人类乳腺组织的微生物组分析,以确定肥胖女性与非肥胖女性的细菌组成差异.
主要成果:
- 肥胖与乳腺组织中长期升高的LPS和鞭素水平有关,但不是LTA.
- 在小鼠MG中注射LPS和鞭素诱导了DNA损伤和炎症.
- 抑制TLR4和TLR5可以减少高脂肪饮食小鼠的DNA损伤,而TLR2的抑制没有任何影响.
- LPS和鞭毛素,但不是LTA,诱导了DNA双链断裂,ROS生成,NF-κB激活和乳腺菌培养中的炎症性细胞因子表达.
- 肥胖女性在乳腺组织微生物组中表现出蛋白质细菌的丰富,这些细菌通常是鞭状的,含有LPS.
- 组织内居住的蛋白质细菌的丰富程度与乳腺组织的DNA损伤相关.
结论:
- 肥胖引起的乳腺组织微生物组的变化丰富了LPS和鞭毛蛋白.
- 这些MAMP通过TLR和ROS信号传递促进DNA损伤和炎症,可能使乳腺易于发生前恶性变化.
- 组织寄存微生物组及其MAMP代表乳腺癌风险评估和初级预防策略的潜在生物标志物.
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