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膀中的谷氨酸释放是神经管形成所必需的

Raman Goyal¹, Patricio A Castro^1,2, Jacqueline B Levin¹

¹Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, University of California Davis, School of Medicine; Sacramento, CA, USA.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

|February 18, 2026

概括

谷氨酸释放对于早期胚胎中神经管形成至关重要. 破坏这个过程,就像某些药物一样,可以导致神经管缺陷 (NTD).

科学领域:

发展生物学发展生物学
神经科学是一个神经科学.
胚胎发生是胚胎发生.

背景情况:

神经管缺陷 (NTDs) 是严重的出生缺陷,由于神经管在早期胚胎发育过程中不适当地关闭.
控制神经管形态发生的精确信号通路在很大程度上是未知的.

研究的目的:

阐明神经板折叠和神经管形成中涉及的信号机制.
研究谷氨酸信号在神经管发育中的作用.

主要方法:

使用的Xenopus laevis胚胎用于实验研究.
使用Ca2+成像和膀性谷氨酸转运体-1 (VGluT1) 操纵来研究谷氨酸释放.
评估神经干细胞标记物 (Sox2) 和在VGluT1淘汰/淘汰后的细胞增殖.

主要成果:

在神经板折叠过程中表现出Ca2+依赖和VGluT1依赖的谷氨酸释放.
观察到谷氨酸释放激活了Erk1/2信号传递.
表明VGluT1中断导致NTD,增加Sox2表达,并增强神经板细胞增殖.

结论:

膀中谷氨酸释放对于正确的神经管形成至关重要.
破坏这种早期的谷氨基质信号传递可能会导致NTD,这可能解释了与某些孕产妇药物暴露相关的风险.
质疑神经传递仅限于完全分化的神经元的概念.

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