随着年龄的增长,大脑 - - 甲状腺 - - 皮层白质的降解和执行功能在整个生命周期中的表现
Jessica N Kraft1, Alyssa Ortega2, David A Hoagey3
1Center for Vital Longevity, Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 1600 Viceroy Drive, Suite 830, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA. Jessica.kraft@utdallas.edu.
Scientific reports
|February 18, 2026
概括
老龄化会降低大脑的连接性,影响执行功能 (EF). 脑皮皮层 (CTC) 循环中白质完整性的降低随着年龄的增长而加快,导致EF性能较差,特别是在老年人中.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 小脑影响高阶认知,包括执行功能 (EF) 和工作记忆.
- 大脑 - 丘脑 - 皮质 (CTC) 环连接小脑与前额叶区域,这对认知过程至关重要.
- 与年龄相关的白质完整性下降可能会损害这些CTC循环,影响EF.
研究的目的:
- 研究CTC通道中的白质完整性与成年人一生中的执行功能表现之间的关系.
- 为了确定与年龄相关的白质变化是否影响EF,以及这种影响是否与年龄相关.
主要方法:
- 扩散张力成像 (DTI) 用于从190名健康成年人 (年龄在20-94岁之间) 收集脑部扫描.
- 确定性通道学生成了CTC通道,以提取白质完整度指标 (平均,辐射,轴向扩散度).
- 一般线性模型分析了白质扩散度和EF性能之间的关联,考虑到年龄.
主要成果:
- 减少白质完整性 (更高的扩散性) 显着与年龄相关的EF表现较差有关.
- 随着年龄的增长,在成年期观察到扩散性增加的加速速度.
- 额头大脑管中较高的平均,辐射和轴向扩散度与老年人较低的EF分数相关,但不是年轻人.
结论:
- CTC白质连接对于维持执行职能表现至关重要.
- 这些发现提供了关于小脑在与年龄相关的认知衰退中的作用的机制性见解,特别是在EF.
- 在CTC循环中的白质完整性是高阶认知功能的年龄相关差异的一个关键因素.
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