在青春期接触psilocybin后,行为,大脑结构,功能连接和感官知觉的性取决于性别的发育变化
Itishree Sahoo1, Sairam Masadi1, Ashwath Maheswari1
1Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern Univ, Boston, MA, USA.
概括
青少年暴露于psilocybin会改变大脑发育,影响情绪行为和神经解剖学,特别是在男性中. 这种早期暴露对神经可塑性和大脑连接性有长期影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 心理药理学 心理药理学
背景情况:
- 一种幻觉剂psilocybin,诱导神经生物学和行为变化.
- 青春期是大脑神经可塑性增强的关键时期,特别是在前脑.
- 早期的暴露会对大脑发育和功能产生持久的影响.
研究的目的:
- 在小鼠中研究青少年暴露于psilocybin对情绪行为,神经解剖学,神经电路和表观遗传学的长期影响.
- 为了确定在敏感的发育窗口中暴露于psilocybin是否会影响大脑结构和功能到成年.
主要方法:
- 青少年的雄性和雌性小鼠通过口腔 gavage 接受了psilocybin或载体.
- 在青春期后,小鼠接受了MRI (基于声素的形态测量,扩散加权成像,静止状态fMRI) 和行为测试.
- 对前额叶皮层组织进行了表观遗传和神经可塑性蛋白质标记物的分析.
主要成果:
- 暴露于psilocybin的雌性表现出减少的露天运动能力;两性都表现出对奖励/厌恶刺激的敏感性降低.
- 在男性中,区域大脑体积减少和水分扩散率的改变更为明显.
- 在两种性别中都观察到全球和区域功能连接的增加,特别是涉及前额叶皮质.
- 男人表现出降低了表观遗传和神经可塑性蛋白质标记物的前额叶皮层水平.
结论:
- 青少年暴露于psilocybin会导致显著的,长期的神经发育后果.
- 观察到的变化包括大脑结构的改变,功能连接的增强以及对刺激的感知改变.
- 雄性似乎更容易受到这些长期影响的影响,这可以通过更大的结构变化和前额叶皮层中减少的蛋白质标记物来证明.
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