在养老院中精神药物和非精神药物处方的变化:基于EMR的多层次回顾性队列研究
Darly Dash1, Ahmad Rahim1,2, Henry Yu-Hin Siu3
1Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
|February 19, 2026
概括
养老院居民在各单位和家庭中对抗精神病药物和其他药物的处方有显著的差异. 这种处方变化并不能通过居民特征来解释,强调需要进一步研究单位和家庭层面的因素.
科学领域:
- 老年人药房 老年人药房
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 药物经济学 药物经济学
背景情况:
- 抗精神病药物经常被处方在养老院 (NHs),经常违反指导方针.
- 虽然记录了NH级处方变化,但单位和组织级别的差异以及其他药物类别的变化不太了解.
- 这项研究调查了在加拿大安大略省的NH单位,家庭和组织中为多种药物类别的处方变化.
研究的目的:
- 检查和量化抗精神病药物,抗抑郁药物,他类药物,心血管疾病 (CVD) 药物和特拉佐的处方变化.
- 评估在加拿大养老院环境中的单位,家庭和组织层面的这种变化.
- 确定居民特征是否解释观察到的处方差异.
主要方法:
- 从2022年4月1日到2023年3月31日使用电子病历 (EMR) 数据进行的回顾性队列研究.
- 包括179个家庭和5个组织中的16896名NH居民.
- 调整为居民因素的多层次物流回归模型,随机拦截单位,家庭和组织.
主要成果:
- 处方率:39%的抗精神病药物,65.5%的抗抑郁药物,33%的他类药物,65%的心血管疾病药物,38%的特拉佐.
- 在所有研究的药物中,在家庭和单位水平上观察到大量的处方变化.
- 特拉佐显示出最大的变化 (家庭水平的MOR:2.06,单位水平的MOR:1.87). 组织层面的变化并不显著. 居民因素没有考虑单位/住房差异.
结论:
- 处方NHs的变化超越抗精神病药物,扩展到其他常见药物.
- 单位层面的变化为质量改善提供了新的洞察力和目标,而这些洞察力和目标在以前的家庭层面分析中没有被捕捉到.
- 需要进一步研究单位和家庭层面的因素,如人员,文化和临床决策,以解释处方差异.
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