实施研究在口腔健康方面发展不足:弥合差距
J R H Tay1,2, H B Bosworth3,4,5,6,7,8, C H Fox9
1Health Services Research and Population Health Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Journal of dental research
|February 19, 2026
概括
口腔疾病是一个全球性的挑战,但基于证据的预防往往失败. 实施研究,使用逻辑模型和利益相关者参与等工具,弥合了这一差距,以改善现实世界口腔健康.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 实施科学 实施科学
背景情况:
- 口腔疾病对全球健康造成重大负担,特别影响弱势群体.
- 基于证据的预防措施与其实际应用之间存在差距,原因是系统和护理模式的局限性.
- 人口范围内的预防策略往往被忽视,以支持以治疗为主导的方法.
研究的目的:
- 探索实施研究在克服有效预防口腔疾病障碍方面的作用.
- 突出实用工具和方法,将干预措施整合到现实世界卫生系统中.
- 强调利益相关者参与和特定背景策略的重要性.
主要方法:
- 使用逻辑模型来绘制实施努力的决定因素,策略和结果.
- 将可接受性,采用性和忠实性等实施结果纳入试验设计中.
- 文件化实施战略,提供明确的理由,行动和预期效果.
- 分析案例示例,展示干预措施在卫生系统和政策中的整合.
主要成果:
- 实施研究为系统地整合和维持实际干预提供了一个框架.
- 逻辑模型和定义的实施策略有助于设计和评估现实世界的干预措施.
- 从下而上的方法,包括早期的利益相关者参与,对于成功实施至关重要.
- 将干预措施嵌入现有卫生系统和政策中,对于影响至关重要.
结论:
- 缩小有效性与实施之间的差距,需要采用多学科,背景意识的方法.
- 战略伙伴关系和早期整合实施科学对于将研究转化为改善口腔健康结果至关重要.
- 持续改善口腔健康需要转向积极主动的,由强有力的实施努力支持的全民预防策略.
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