呼吸道病毒活动 - 美国,2024年7月1日 - 2025年6月30日
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
|February 19, 2026
概括
国家监测跟踪了2024年7月至2025年6月的SARS-CoV-2和RSV等呼吸道病毒. 疫苗接种对于预防这些常见的呼吸道病原体引起的严重疾病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 呼吸系统病毒每年都会导致严重的疾病,住院和死亡.
- 美国疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 采用多种监控系统来监测呼吸道病毒活动.
- 了解季节性趋势和人口影响对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 总结美国从2024年7月到2025年6月流行性呼吸道病毒活动的趋势.
- 描述国家和地区的趋势,住院率和SARS-CoV-2和呼吸道同胞细胞病毒 (RSV) 的死亡率.
- 提供与这些病毒相关的疾病,门诊访问,住院和死亡的初步估计.
主要方法:
- 国家监控数据的收集和分析.
- 监测实验室检测结果,住院率和重要记录.
- 循环SARS-CoV-2病毒的遗传特征.
主要成果:
- SARS-CoV-2 呈现双模峰值,而 RSV 和流感呈现单个峰值.
- 在75岁以上的成年人和6个月以下的婴儿中,COVID-19住院率最高.
- 在12个月以下的婴儿和75岁以上的成年人中,RSV住院率最高.
- 估计有29万至45万例COVID-19住院治疗和19万至35万例RSV住院治疗发生.
- 流传的SARS-CoV-2血统是Omicron JN.1的后裔.
结论:
- 保持最新的COVID-19,RSV和流感疫苗接种对于减少严重疾病至关重要.
- 监测数据突出显示,受严重后果影响较弱的群体.
- 为了制定明智的公共卫生战略,需要对呼吸道病毒进行持续监测.
相关概念视频
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I
2.0K
Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
2.0K
Respiratory Volumes
3.1K
Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
3.1K
Respiratory Capacities
1.4K
Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
1.4K
Common Respiratory Disorders
1.8K
Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
1.8K
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities
7.6K
The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...
7.6K
Influenza
87
Influenza is an acute, highly communicable viral disease that affects the respiratory tract and is responsible for seasonal epidemics worldwide. Influenza A is the most prevalent type associated with widespread outbreaks and is subtyped based on two surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N), as in H1N1. These glycoproteins are essential for viral infectivity, transmission, and immune recognition. Transmission occurs primarily through respiratory droplets and contaminated...
87


