狂犬病,宿主群体结构和跨物种传播到智利的迁徙蝙蝠Tadarida brasiliensis
Zulma E Rojas-Sereno1, Daniel G Streicker2,3, Verónica Yung4
1Instituto One Health y Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
|February 19, 2026
概括
迁徙的巴西自由尾蝙蝠及其狂犬病病毒 (TbRV-SA) 在智利显示出很少的地理结构,这表明同质化. 观察到从这些蝙蝠到其他蝙蝠的跨物种传播,突出了潜在的狂犬病溢出风险.
科学领域:
- 兽医科学 兽医科学 兽医科学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 蝙蝠迁徙对群体结构和狂犬病病毒传播的影响尚不清楚.
- 了解蝙蝠狂犬病 (Lyssavirus狂犬病) 的时空动态对于防止人类传播至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查巴西自由尾蝙蝠 (Tadarida brasiliensis) 和它们相关的狂犬病病毒在智利的种群结构.
- 评估迁移行为对宿主和病毒遗传结构的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自T. brasiliensis的112个B细胞染色体序列.
- 从智利国家监测数据中分析了144个狂犬病病毒序列.
- 调查按市政和地区进行基因聚类.
主要成果:
- 在智利,没有发现T. brasiliensis或其特定的狂犬病病毒 (TbRV-SA) 的显著地理集群.
- 迁徙行为似乎使蝙蝠和TbRV-SA种群同质化.
- 8%的T. brasiliensis携带与其他蝙蝠物种相关的狂犬病病毒,而没有其他蝙蝠携带TbRV-SA,表明不对称的传播.
结论:
- 蝙蝠迁移可以使宿主和病原体种群均化,从而影响狂犬病传播动态.
- 从T. brasiliensis向其他蝙蝠的不对称跨物种传播发生在智利.
- 狂犬病风险可能与迁徙模式和蝙蝠群体组成有关,城市地区可能有助于传播.
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