自杀中的工作问题:国家暴力死亡报告系统,2020-2022年
Hope M Tiesman1, Suzanne M Marsh2, Bridget H Lyons3
1U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Safety Research, Morgantown, WV.
American journal of preventive medicine
|February 19, 2026
概括
工作问题,包括失业和压力,是重要的自杀风险因素. 财务问题和抑郁症与与工作有关的自杀有很强的相关性,这凸显了针对特定工作场所预防策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 在各种工人群体中,工作问题是公认的自杀风险因素.
- 了解与工作有关的问题的具体性质对于有针对性的预防至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用国家暴力死亡报告系统 (NVDRS) 数据来描述与自杀相关的工作问题.
- 识别不同行业和职业中常见的与自杀有关的工作问题.
主要方法:
- 对2020-2022年NVDRS数据的分析,包括18岁以上的死者.
- 从自杀叙述中对工作问题进行分类,并应用多变量逻辑回归.
- 工业和职业的编码使用NIOSH工业和职业计算机化编码系统.
主要成果:
- 在101589名自杀者中,8%的人报告有工作问题,主要是失业或工作压力 (68%).
- 与工作有关的自杀的主要危险因素包括财务问题 (aOR=9.70) 和抑郁情绪 (aOR=3.31).
- 在各个行业和职业中,就业问题存在显著差异.
结论:
- 与工作相关的自杀风险因素在系统和个人层面都有作用.
- 工作场所的自杀预防应该是专业的,应对蓝领和白领工人的需求.
- 干预措施可以集中在支持失业者和加强心理社会工作环境上.
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