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糖尿病对结核病感染诊断的影响

Linda Petrone¹, Alessandra Aiello¹, Saeid Najafi-Fard¹

¹Traslational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani"-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

|February 19, 2026

概括

糖尿病和结核病形成了综合症,影响了结核病感染测试的准确性. 低血糖控制,晚年和并发性疾病可以降低测试灵敏度,导致诊断不足并阻碍结核病预防策略.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
传染性疾病传染性疾病
内分泌学在内分泌学.

背景情况:

结核病 (TB) 和糖尿病 (DM) 形成了综合症,增加了结核病的风险和严重程度.
糖尿病会损害免疫功能,可能会影响结核病感染 (TBI) 诊断测试的准确性.
目前TBI的诊断方法包括皮肤测试和干扰素-γ释放试验 (IGRA).

研究的目的:

审查糖尿病和血糖控制对TBI诊断测试准确性的影响.
确定影响糖尿病患者TBI测试表现的因素.
在结核病-糖尿病综合症中为结核病预防策略提供信息.

主要方法:

在糖尿病人群中检查TBI诊断准确性的研究的文献综述.
分析诸如血糖控制,抗糖尿病药物和并发症等因素.
关于IGRA和皮肤测试表现的证据综合.

主要成果:

关于糖尿病患者的IGRA阳性,存在不一致的发现;一些研究报告的比率更高,而另一些研究显示敏感性降低或结果不确定.
有限的证据表明,抗糖尿病药物不会显著影响TBI测试的准确性.
胰岛素或甲福林治疗可能与较低的TBI患病率有关,这表明改善血糖控制有潜在的保护作用.
低血糖控制,晚年,艾滋病毒,CKD和免疫抑制可以降低TBI测试的敏感性,导致诊断不足.

结论:

糖尿病及其控制显著影响TBI的诊断准确性,往往导致测试灵敏度降低和诊断不足.
进一步的研究至关重要,以澄清这些影响,并优化世卫组织的结核病终结战略在结核病-糖尿病综合征的背景下.
解决并发症和改善血糖控制对于准确的TBI诊断和有效的TB预防至关重要.

关键词:

糖尿病糖尿病糖尿病伊格拉 (IGRA) 是一个使用抗糖尿病药物治疗.血糖控制血糖控制血糖控制皮肤测试皮肤测试结核病感染结核病感染

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