概括
研究人员使用反向设计开发了用于光子集成电路的超紧模式循环转换器. 这些设备有效地转换光学模式,提升模式划分多重复合能力.
科学领域:
- 光子学和光学工程的工程.
- 集成光学 集成光学 集成光学
- 纳米光子学 纳米光子学
背景情况:
- 模式分割复杂化 (MDM) 对于提高光子集成电路 (PIC) 的容量至关重要.
- 紧而高效的模式操纵设备是MDM系统中总线波导的重要组成部分.
- 目前的模式转换方法通常面临大小和效率的限制.
研究的目的:
- 介绍两个PIC的超紧模式循环转换器的反向设计.
- 为了证明不同光学模式 (TE0/TE1和TE0/TE1/TE2) 之间的高效相互转换.
- 探索逆向设计在变形的多模波导中用于高级模式操纵的潜力.
主要方法:
- 利用有限元素方法,基于伯恩斯坦多项式的变形参数化,以及基于梯度的移动异位数的移动异位数方法的组合来实现反向设计.
- 在三种模式的循环转换器中采用了双阶段优化策略.
- 在在绝缘体 (SOI) 平台上使用三维有限差异时间域 (3D-FDTD) 模拟验证了设备性能.
主要成果:
- 实现了两个超紧模式循环转换器,长度仅为7微米.
- 证明了一种双模式循环转换器 (DMCC),具有高转换效率 (-0.053dB为TE0-TE1, -0.043dB为TE1-TE0) 和模式纯度 (99.3%).
- 实现了三种模式的循环转换器 (TMCC),具有高效的循环转换 (例如,TE0-to-TE1的 -0.67 dB) 和高模式纯度 (高达98.3%).
- 展示了对 ±10 nm 的制造偏差的强度.
结论:
- 反向设计是一种强大的方法,用于在波导中创建高效,超紧模式的循环转换器.
- 开发的DMCC和TMCC设备显著提高了PIC中MDM模式操纵的能力.
- 这些发现为更高容量的光通信系统铺平了道路.
相关概念视频
Source Transformation for AC Circuits
The process of source transformation in the frequency domain entails the conversion of a voltage source, positioned in series with an impedance, into a current source that is parallel to an impedance, or the other way around. It is essential to maintain the following relationships while transitioning from one source type to another.
Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit
In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.
Half wave rectifier
A half-wave rectifier is a fundamental circuit in electronics, designed to convert alternating current (AC) voltage into a unidirectional voltage. It utilizes the simplest form of diode rectification, where the circuit comprises a single diode in series with a load resistor and an AC power source.
Full wave rectifier
A full-wave rectifier is a device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and is more efficient than its half-wave counterpart. It typically includes a center-tapped transformer, two diodes, and a load resistor. The secondary winding of the transformer is divided to provide two equal voltages of opposite polarities, which is the pivotal element of full-wave rectification.
Clipper Circuit
A clipper circuit is a fundamental wave-shaping device that harnesses the unique properties of diodes to alter and control waveform characteristics. This technology is widely used in electronic devices, especially in television and radar communication systems, where it enhances waveform modulation in both transmitters and receivers.
The operation of a clipper circuit can be exemplified by analyzing a dual-clipper configuration setup that integrates two ideal diodes, each paired with a biasing...
The operation of a clipper circuit can be exemplified by analyzing a dual-clipper configuration setup that integrates two ideal diodes, each paired with a biasing...
Three-Winding Transformers
Three identical single-phase transformers can be configured to form a three-phase transformer connection, which involves high-voltage and low-voltage windings. The high-voltage windings are denoted by capital letters A-B-C, while the low-voltage windings are labeled with lowercase letters a-b-c, representing their respective phases. This notation helps distinguish between the high and low voltage sides of the transformer.
In the per-unit equivalent circuit of a grounded Y-Y three-phase...
In the per-unit equivalent circuit of a grounded Y-Y three-phase...


