[无症状动脉狭窄症患者的基于证据的治疗 - - 对CREST-2试验的评论]
Johan Lundberg1, Michael Mazya2, Fabian Arnberg-Sandor3
1docent, sektionschef, ME neuroradio-logi, Karolinska universitetssjukhuset, Stockholm.
概括
对于大多数无症状动脉狭窄症患者来说,最好的医疗治疗是足够的. 当由高体积中心的专家进行时,动脉支架可能有利于选择患者.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 血管外科 血管外科
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 动脉狭窄带来了中风的风险.
- 像CEA和CAS这样的重血管化程序是治疗的选择.
- 在CREST-2试验中,在低风险患者中,评估了重血管化与最佳医疗治疗 (BMT).
研究的目的:
- 为了比较心脏动脉内关节切除术 (CEA) 和心脏动脉支架 (CAS) 加BMT与单独BMT在无症状严重心脏动脉狭窄的患者的疗效.
- 在精心挑选的低风险人群中评估重血管化策略的安全性和有效性.
主要方法:
- 在CREST-2试验中,随机选择了2485名患有≥70%无症状动脉狭窄症的患者.
- 患者被分配到单独的BMT,CEA加BMT或CAS加BMT.
- 主要终点是中风或4年死亡的复合结果.
主要成果:
- 与单独的 BMT 相比,CEA加BMT没有显著的益处 (3.7%对5.3%,p=0.24).
- 与单独使用 BMT 相比,CAS加BMT显著降低了主要终点 (2.8%对6.0%,p=0.02).
- 在这个高度精选的群体中,CAS的术前风险异常低 (1.3-1.5%).
结论:
- 最佳的药物治疗是治疗的基石,对于大多数无症状动脉狭窄症患者来说是足够的.
- 对于经过精心挑选的具有良好的解剖结构的患者,可以考虑进行动脉支架,在体积较大的中心进行,并发症率较低.
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