在二级热带森林中生态系统多功能性的驱动因素和机制
Tomonari Matsuo1, Lucy Amissah2,3, Masha T van der Sande1
1Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Ecosystems (New York, N.Y.)
|February 20, 2026
概括
年轻的热带森林恢复生态系统的多功能性是由环境条件和植被结构驱动的,而不仅仅是生物多样性. 低土地使用强度促进了更快的恢复,突出了恢复森林功能的自然再生.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 热带森林生态 热带森林生态
- 生态系统的运作 生态系统的运作
背景情况:
- 热带森林对生态系统服务至关重要,但面临着日益严重的干扰和二级森林的扩张.
- 了解年轻二级森林的生态系统多功能性恢复对于保护和恢复工作至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析影响年轻热带二级森林生态系统多功能恢复的驱动因素和机制.
- 确定促进生态系统功能与碳,水和营养循环相关的更快恢复的条件.
主要方法:
- 在加纳干旱和湿地区的年轻二级森林 (2.3-3.6岁) 建立了36个研究地块.
- 测量了森林结构,多样性,功能组成,土壤特性和16种生态系统功能.
- 利用结构方程建模来评估环境条件和森林属性的生态系统功能影响.
主要成果:
- 气候湿度和土壤条件是生态系统功能最强的驱动因素,其次是森林结构,多样性和功能组成.
- 碳循环主要受到森林属性的影响,而水和营养循环主要受到环境条件的影响.
- 生态系统的多功能性在早期的连续阶段受到环境因素和植被数量的影响,而不是生物多样性的影响.
结论:
- 环境条件和植被数量,而不是生物多样性,是早期生态系统多功能恢复的关键驱动因素.
- 为了恢复不同的生物地球化学循环 (碳,水,营养物质),需要不同的环境条件.
- 以往较低的土地使用强度有助于森林快速恢复,使自然再生成为可扩展和具有成本效益的恢复策略,特别是在潮湿的热带森林中.
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