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相关概念视频

Coat Assembly and GTPases01:33

Coat Assembly and GTPases

4.7K
Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
4.7K
Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

3.4K
After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
3.4K
ER Retrieval Pathway01:45

ER Retrieval Pathway

5.0K
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
5.0K
GPI Anchoring of Proteins in the ER Membrane01:29

GPI Anchoring of Proteins in the ER Membrane

5.9K
GPI-anchoring is a post-translational, reversible protein modification that is ubiquitous in eukaryotes. Such proteins are primarily present on the exoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane.
GPI-anchor structure
A sequence of 11 enzymatic reactions results in the synthesis of the complete GPI anchor consisting of a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic portion. The hydrophobic portion comprises phosphatidylinositol, while the hydrophilic part comprises polar groups like phosphoethanolamine,...
5.9K
Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER01:27

Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER

8.1K
A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
8.1K
Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER01:32

Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER

5.7K
After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...
5.7K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells
10:24

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells

Published on: December 17, 2012

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微头相关蛋白质YIPF5对ER出口有不同的调节.

Francesca Bruno1, Mihaela Anitei1, Domenico Di Fraia1

  • 1Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz-Lipmann Institute, Beutenbergstr. 11, 07745 Jena, Germany.

iScience
|February 20, 2026
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

YIPF5蛋白调节ER出口,对神经元发育至关重要. 通过影响蛋白质运输和细胞迁移,其破坏会导致小头症,和新生儿糖尿病综合征 (MEDS2).

关键词:
细胞生物学 细胞生物学神经科学是一个神经科学.

更多相关视频

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
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Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

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Visualization and Quantification of Endogenous Intra-Organelle Protein Interactions at ER-Mitochondria Contact Sites by Proximity Ligation Assays
08:27

Visualization and Quantification of Endogenous Intra-Organelle Protein Interactions at ER-Mitochondria Contact Sites by Proximity Ligation Assays

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Apr 3, 2026

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells
10:24

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells

Published on: December 17, 2012

14.8K
Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes
08:49

Fluorescence-Based Measurements of Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylinositol 4-Phosphate Exchange Between Membranes

Published on: March 14, 2021

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Visualization and Quantification of Endogenous Intra-Organelle Protein Interactions at ER-Mitochondria Contact Sites by Proximity Ligation Assays
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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 遗传学 遗传学 是一个

背景情况:

  • YIPF5 是一个参与ER-Golgi运输的内质网膜蛋白.
  • YIPF5中的突变导致MEDS2,这是一个严重的早期儿童疾病.
  • YIPF5在蛋白质出口中的确切作用及其与神经系统缺陷的联系尚未完全理解.

研究的目的:

  • 阐明YIPF5在ER出口中的功能及其对神经发育的贡献.
  • 研究YIPF5与ER出口受体SURF4.4之间的相互作用.
  • 了解YIPF5相关发育障碍背后的分子机制.

主要方法:

  • YIPF5绝杀和耗尽细胞模型.
  • 对细胞表面蛋白质概况和细胞分泌物的分析.
  • 伤口愈合测试以评估细胞迁移.
  • 免疫光显微镜用于研究蛋白质局部化 (ERGIC53,Rab1).
  • 对ER出口的动态分析.
  • 在子宫内击倒小鼠胚胎.

主要成果:

  • YIPF5与SURF4直接相互作用,并规范SURF4货物的ER出口.
  • 缺少YIPF5会改变细胞表面蛋白质,减少神经元粘附分子,增加ER伴侣分泌.
  • YIPF5的枯竭增强了细胞迁移,并破坏了SURF4的局部化,形成异常的ER管道.
  • 在子宫内,Yipf5的淘汰导致过早的神经元迁移和老鼠大脑的形态缺陷.

结论:

  • YIPF5和SURF4合作协调关键蛋白质的ER出口.
  • 干扰YIPF5功能是皮层发育缺陷的基础,可能导致小头.
  • YIPF5在调节神经元迁移和大脑发育方面发挥着至关重要的作用.