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Steven S Raman^1,2, Neal R Cutler³, John J Sramek⁴

¹Radiology, Department of Radiological Sciences Director, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Uterine Fibroid Program, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Healthcare, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Frontiers in oncology

|February 20, 2026

概括

内治疗对肝癌 (如肝细胞癌 (HCC)) 等肝癌的治疗结果不尽相同. 将这些疗法与其他疗法相结合,可以通过克服肝脏的免疫挑战来改善结果.

科学领域:

瘤学和免疫学
翻译癌症研究翻译癌症研究

背景情况:

肝脏瘤 (HCC,iCCA,转移) 尽管有系统治疗,但死亡率很高.
内治疗提供局部药物输送和免疫调节,但在肝脏恶性瘤中面临挑战.

研究的目的:

审查过去十年来肝脏瘤的门内治疗的临床证据.
确定有效性的决定因素和将这些疗法转化为肝癌的挑战.

主要方法:

对评估各种内治疗方法 (病毒,细胞,免疫调节剂,化疗) 的临床试验进行系统审查.
对与局部区域或全身治疗结合策略的分析.
评估技术考虑和患者选择的新兴生物标志物.

主要成果:

内瘤治疗产生了异质的结果,包括瘤缩和偶尔的腹反应,但往往未能显示生存益处.
肝脏的宽容性免疫微环境和异常的血管系统限制了治疗疗效和药物分配.
瘤生物学,输送技术,剂量和组合都会对结果产生重大影响.

结论:

对于肝脏瘤,内治疗本身很少足够.
整合到多式联运模式中,有望带来有意义的收益.
未来的进展需要优化组合,标准化交付和验证的生物标志物,以实现个性化治疗.

关键词:

肝细胞癌是肝细胞癌.免疫疗法免疫疗法内治疗是一种口内治疗.肝脏转移的发生.地方或地区的处理.性病毒疗法性病毒疗法性病毒疗法瘤微环境是一个微环境.

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