地下水中的持久和移动化学品,包括超短链PFAS:分布,相关因素和风险因素
Xiaojing Zhu1, Till Meier1, Qiuguo Fu1
1Department of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
Environmental science & technology
|February 20, 2026
概括
持久性和移动性化学物质,包括per-和多基基物质 (PFAS),在地下水中广泛存在. 工业化学品的度占主导地位,特定地点的因素影响其水平,需要精确的监测策略.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 水文地质学 水文地质学
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 持久性和移动性 (PM) 化学物质,包括超短链基和多基物质 (PFAS),进入水循环,由于其特性,很难去除.
- 作为饮用水的重要来源,地下水受到这些PM化学物质的污染尚未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查180个PM化学物质在德国萨克森州地下水中的存在和含量.
- 确定影响PM化学度和共发生模式的因素.
- 在风险评估中优先考虑化学品,并为监测策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 使用冷干燥和超临界流体染色学高分辨率质谱法 (SFC-HRMS) 分析了82个地下水样本.
- 163个PM化学品的量化,包括农药,药品,PFAS和工业化学品.
- 化学度的统计分析与物理化学性质和特定地点的因素对比.
主要成果:
- 检测到163种PM化学物质,其中72种首次在地下水中报告. 57种化学品的检测频率超过50%.
- 总PM化学物质度的中位数为23μg L−1,其中工业化学物质占主导地位 (19μg L−1). 三酸是最常见的单一化合物.
- 化学度与物理化学性质以及酸盐和溶解有机碳等位点因素相关. 佐和N,N-二甲基形式胺表明总体PM化学物质含量较高.
结论:
- 萨克森州的地下水被广泛的PM化学物质污染,尤其是工业化合物.
- 物理化学性质和特定地点的因素显著影响这些化学物质的存在和度.
- 特定化合物可以作为总体颗粒物化学污染和风险的指标,支持有针对性的监测工作.
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