叶酸和全球健康综合审查系列,第2部分:关于癌症的综合研究
Samantha Yoo1, Azita Montazeri1, Derrick Bennett2
1School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada.
Journal of global health
|February 20, 2026
概括
这次审查发现有迹象表明,叶酸状况与各种癌症,特别是食道和结肠直肠癌有关. 需要更多的研究来证实这些关联,并了解叶酸.
科学领域:
- 营养瘤学 营养瘤学
- 癌症流行病学 癌症流行病学
- 系统性审查和元分析
背景情况:
- 叶酸对于DNA合成,RNA合成,甲基化和基因组完整性至关重要,使其与致癌产生有关.
- 关于叶酸状况和癌症风险的现有证据是相互矛盾的,缺乏的潜在风险和高剂量补充的不良影响.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合有关叶酸状况与癌症风险之间的联系的证据.
- 通过使用预先定义的标准来评估已识别的协会的可信度.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,Cochrane Library,DARE) 进行了全面的搜索,截至2024年2月.
- 包括系统审查和元分析,调查叶酸 (食,补充剂,血液水平) 和癌症结局.
- 进行重复选,数据提取和偏见风险评估,评估证据可信度.
主要成果:
- 确定了67个合成,有57个元分析;超过一半的偏差风险很高.
- 在10种癌症类型,3种全身癌症和总癌症中提取了168种独特的关联.
- 发现15个关联 (结肠直肠,食道,总癌症) 在高度暗示的可信度级别和27个在暗示级别.
结论:
- 在食道,结肠直肠,儿童大脑和脊髓瘤以及全癌症中观察到叶酸状况和癌症风险之间的高度暗示性关联.
- 由于报告的积极关系信号,前列腺癌的证据需要进一步调查.
- 总体证据有限,除了结直肠,食道和儿科中枢神经系统癌症外,大多数关联的支持很弱.
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