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败血症的全球影响:流行病学,识别,管理和卫生系统挑战
Luigi La Via1, Salvatore Ferlito2, Maria Stella Di Modica3
1Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco", 24046 Catania, Italy.
Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 20, 2026
概括
败血症仍然是全球卫生危机,每年造成数百万人的死亡. 实现世界卫生组织的目标需要改进诊断,适应性指导方针和强大的卫生系统,以减少全球的败血症发病率和死亡率.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
背景情况:
- 败血症是一个重大的全球健康负担,每年有数以百万计的病例和死亡报告.
- 尽管取得了进展,但在败血症意识,早期治疗和医疗系统准备方面仍然存在重大差异.
- 败血症管理方面的不平等在低收入和中等收入国家尤其明显.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前的败血症流行病学,诊断,治疗和卫生系统决定因素的现状.
- 确定到2030年实现全球败血症目标的关键挑战和机会.
- 综合有关诊断工具,抗菌药物管理和影响败血症结果的卫生系统因素的证据.
主要方法:
- 进行了结构化的叙事审查,包括流行病学研究,临床定义,诊断策略和卫生系统报告.
- 文献搜索包括电子数据库 (PubMed,科学网,Embase,Scopus) 和主要卫生组织 (WHO,NICE,SSC) 的灰色文献.
- 证据以认可,诊断,抗菌疗法,器官支持,指导方针和卫生系统决定因素为主题组织.
主要成果:
- 目前的测量工具,如qSOFA和SOFA,在各种临床环境中显示出灵敏度和实用性的限制.
- 先进的诊断 (生物标志物,mNGS,AI) 改善了检测,但面临着与成本和基础设施有关的障碍.
- 延迟抗生素治疗增加了死亡风险;抗菌药物管理和快速降级是至关重要的.
- 卫生系统的弱点 (人力资源,资金,基础设施) 显著影响败血症的结果,特别是在LMICs.
结论:
- 实现全球败血症目标需要精确的诊断,灵活的指导方针,有效的管理和有弹性的卫生系统.
- 公平的资源分配和实施对于减少全球性败血症的发病率和死亡率至关重要.
- 解决卫生系统瓶对于改善全球性败血症结果至关重要.
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