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现代足球鞋的功能设计和临床影响:全面的叙述审查

Andrea Demeco^1,2, Nicola Marotta^2,3, Marco Megna¹

¹Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.

Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology

|February 20, 2026

概括

足球鞋显著影响球员的表现和受伤风险. 根据生物力学数据定制鞋子组件,如钉子和鞋底板,可以提高敏捷性并减少下肢受伤.

科学领域:

生物力学生物力学
运动医学运动医学
材料科学材料科学材料科学

背景情况:

足球的全球流行与较高的下肢受伤率有关.
足球鞋是一种关键的界面,影响着引力,自身感受和关节负荷.
了解鞋类的作用对于预防伤害和提高性能至关重要.

研究的目的:

审查足球鞋的部件如何影响表现和受伤风险.
探索基于证据的足球鞋的功能定制.
整合生物机械,临床和材料科学视角.

主要方法:

对PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science的文献进行了全面的叙事审查.
包括关于足球技术鞋类结构及其影响的研究.
综合了来自生物力学,临床和材料科学研究的发现.

主要成果:

圆形钉可降低旋转硬度;刀片型钉可增加ACL拉伸风险.
针织/网状上衣增强自身感知,但可能会降低耐用性.
鞋底板的刚性会影响冲刺和敏捷性;内和鞋底板的协同作用会影响疲劳和自身感知.

结论:

足球鞋需要基于证据的定制作为临床和性能工具.
材料技术,4D扫描和压力映射使个性化的鞋类成为可能.
特定于球员的设计可能会降低伤病率并提高表现.

关键词:

生物力学生物力学足球足球足球足球鞋类鞋类鞋类鞋类鞋类伤害的伤害伤害的伤害.伤害伤害伤害伤害伤害伤害伤害伤害伤害业绩表现表现的表现表现是什么运动运动运动运动运动运动.

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