有氧运动训练和VO2max:对研究群体和方案的范围审查
Zeyu Wu1, Nicholas Preobrazenski1,2, John R M Renwick1
1School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada.
Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology
|February 20, 2026
概括
这份对617项研究的综述揭示了关于最大有氧能力 (VO2max) 训练的研究缺陷. 未来的研究应该探索各种运动类型,长期影响,以及更好的参与者报告,以提高理解.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 最大有氧容量 (VO2max) 是健康和死亡风险的关键指标.
- 现有的评论往往只关注有氧运动训练效果,而不是更广泛的研究格局.
- 为了全面了解VO2max反应,需要检查各种人群和训练方法.
研究的目的:
- 对研究最大有氧容量 (VO2max) 和有氧运动训练的研究进行范围审查.
- 总结参与者的人口统计数据,练习干预措施和在文献中的方法报告.
- 确定当前关于VO2max适应运动训练的研究中的关键差距.
主要方法:
- 对617项与VO2max和有氧训练相关的研究进行了系统的搜索和分析.
- 基于运动方式 (MICT,HIIT,SIT,组合) 的研究分类.
- 对参与者的性别代表,干预时间和数据报告完整性的分析.
主要成果:
- 中等强度持续训练 (MICT) 是最常见的方案 (n=363).
- 高强度间歇训练 (HIIT; n=102) 和冲刺间歇训练 (SIT; n=70) 的频率较低.
- 在报告参与者的健康状况 (n=169) 和体力活动状态 (n=290) 中存在显著差距,许多研究缺乏多元性别代表 (仅男性:n=264;仅女性:n=83) 并专注于短期干预 (<3个月).
结论:
- 目前关于VO2max和有氧训练的文献的特点是,MICT占主导地位,HIIT/SIT的探索有限,参与者的性别代表性缺乏多样性.
- 干预时间短,参与者特征报告不足,阻碍了对VO2max适应的全面理解.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑多样化的炼方式,长期培训效果,均衡的性别代表性和改进的报告标准,以解决关键的知识差距.
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