美国抗精神病药物使用趋势,2000-2016年
Nisrine Haddad1, Nawal Farhat2, Jennifer Go1,3
1School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 20, 2026
概括
这项研究追踪了2000-2016年美国住院患者的抗精神病药物 (APD) 使用情况. 尽管非典型的APD使用量增加,但典型的APD仍然更为普遍,其中haloperidol和quetiapine是最常见的.
科学领域:
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 抗精神病药物 (APD) 对于管理精神疾病至关重要.
- 了解APD处方模式的长期趋势对于优化患者护理和资源配置至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,典型与非典型抗精神病药物的使用发生了变化.
研究的目的:
- 评估美国成年住院患者中典型和非典型抗精神病药物 (APD) 使用率的长期趋势.
- 随着时间的推移,确定这些类中最常见的个人APD.
- 检查影响处方模式的潜在因素,例如监管警告.
主要方法:
- 利用了健康事实®数据库,分析了2000年1月1日至2016年12月31日期间至少一个抗精神病药物订单的成年住院患者 (≥18岁) 的数据.
- 根据年龄,性别,种族和人口普查地区的标准化APD流行数据进行准确的比较.
- 追踪了药物类别 (典型和非典型) 和特定的个人药物的使用情况.
主要成果:
- 在整个研究期间,典型的抗精神病药物仍然比非典型药物更为普遍,尽管非典型的APD使用总体增加.
- 哈洛佩里多尔和普罗克洛普拉是最常用的典型抗精神病药物,到2012年,哈洛佩里多尔成为该类中最常见的药物.
- 奎蒂亚平是最常用的非典型抗精神病药物,其次是瑞斯佩里和奥兰沙平,奥兰沙平在2014年之后上升到第二位.
- 2005-2008年间非典型APD使用的暂时下降与FDA警告和ADA指南相吻合.
- 观察到的模式表明,在美国,抗精神病药物的非标签使用量显著.
结论:
- 美国住院患者的典型和非典型抗精神病药物的治疗模式已经发展,典型药物保持了更高的整体患病率.
- 特定药物,如利和奎平,始终主导着处方,突出了既定的治疗偏好.
- 这些发现强调需要持续监测抗精神病药物处方实践,包括非标签使用,以确保适当和有效的患者管理.
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