农村成年人的保险覆盖和对护理的感知:使用安德森行为模型进行的横截面研究
Christian Ketel1, Lisa C Lindley2
1Department of Acute, Chronic and Continuing Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Nursing, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
医疗保险显著改善了农村成年人对医疗保健的感知. 然而,公平的护理需要解决保险缺口和更广泛的结构性障碍,如提供者短缺和运输问题.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 农村卫生公平 农村卫生公平
- 医疗保健获取研究 医疗保健获取研究
背景情况:
- 美国农村社区在获得医疗保健方面面临着持续的挑战,尽管保险覆盖范围有所改善.
- 农村人口中保险状况和感知到的医疗保健接入之间的联系仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查康涅狄格州农村成年人中保险状况和对医疗保健的感知机会之间的联系.
- 用安德森的健康服务使用行为模型 (ABMHSU) 来调整倾向性,支持性和基于需求的因素.
主要方法:
- 2012-2013年康涅狄格州医疗保健调查数据的横截面二次分析.
- 包括593个未加权案件 (加权N=256,725).
- 权重后勤回归来评估保险感知到的访问关联,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 保险覆盖率与医疗保健获得率更高的感知有显著的积极关联 (OR = 1.38,95% CI [1.35,1.42]).
- 其他重要因素包括性别,年龄,婚姻状况,就业和慢性疾病.
- 该模型解释了19.8%的差异,并实现了76%的正确分类.
结论:
- 保险是农村成年人获得医疗保健的关键因素.
- 仅靠保险是不够的公平的农村医疗保健;结构性挑战也必须解决.
- 解决保险缺口,提供者短缺,运输和系统导航对于农村医疗保健公平至关重要.
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