在青春期和青春期了解沉默:对选择性沉默的混合方法系统审查
Rachel de Jong1, Anja van der Voort2, Wessel Aben3
1Department of Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands. r.de.jong@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
|February 20, 2026
概括
青少年和年轻人的选择性沉默症 (SM) 提出了独特的挑战,通常是晚期发病和耐治疗. 由于其独特的特征和环境因素,处理需要量身定制的方法.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 选择性沉默 (SM) 是一种复杂的焦虑障碍.
- 了解青少年和年轻人的MS对于有效干预至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往侧重于儿童时代的表现,需要对年龄较大的年龄组进行具体的调查.
研究的目的:
- 确定被诊断患有选择性沉默症的青少年和年轻成年人的独特特征.
- 为了确定这个人口群体的具体治疗需求.
- 了解影响选择性无声症的环境因素在这个年龄组.
主要方法:
- 进行了混合方法系统审查.
- 在APA的PsycINFO和MEDLINE数据库中搜索到2025年2月.
- 包括10-24岁现有MS诊断的个体的描述性研究;数据使用融合分离方法进行合成.
主要成果:
- 40项研究 (54名参与者) 符合纳入标准,方法质量不同.
- 青少年和年轻人的选择性沉默与童年呈现不同,通常涉及晚期发病和诊断延迟.
- 症状经常被适应性强化,导致治疗耐药性增加.
结论:
- 具有选择性沉默症的青少年和年轻人表现出独特的特征,需要专门的治疗.
- 治疗需要更大的治疗师耐心和勤奋,因为长期的症状史和耐药性.
- 环境适应在这个人群中MS的维护和治疗挑战中发挥着重要作用.
相关概念视频
Autism Spectrum Disorder
1.3K
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
1.3K
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other
288
According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
288
Modeling in Therapy
572
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
572
Cognitive Development During Adolescence
699
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
699
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
349
Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
349
Social Anxiety Disorder
594
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
594


