煤矿开采地区可呼吸的自由二氧化的暴露评估
Manish Yadav1,2,3, Nitin Kumar Singh4, Sumit Saha5,6
1Materials Chemistry and Interfacial Engineering Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751013, India. manish.yadav@coalindia.in.
Environmental geochemistry and health
|February 20, 2026
概括
由于可呼吸的二氧化,煤矿灰尘对健康构成重大风险. 卡尼哈OCP显示暴露风险最高,其次是Bharatpur OCP,需要采取有针对性的安全措施.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 分析化学 分析化学
背景情况:
- 自由二氧化 (石英) 是一组致癌物,对人类健康构成风险.
- 煤炭开采活动产生悬浮颗粒物 (SPM) 和可呼吸尘埃 (PM10).
- 在采矿环境中评估暴露对于职业安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估印度三个大型煤矿中的悬浮颗粒物 (SPM),可呼吸尘埃 (PM10) 和自由含量.
- 确定相关的暴露风险和对矿工健康的影响.
- 用先进的分析技术来描述尘埃颗粒的组成和形态.
主要方法:
- 对SPM和PM10度进行空气采样.
- 使用富里埃变换红外光谱 (FTIR),粉末X射线衍射 (PXRD),扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 和能量分散光谱 (EDS) 分析可呼吸尘埃.
- 采用美国环境保护局 (USEPA) 方法的健康风险评估.
主要成果:
- 巴拉特普尔OCP记录了最高的SPM (394μg/m3) 和PM10 (136μg/m3) 度.
- 卡尼哈OCP显示了最高的平均自由二氧化度 (41.59μg/m3),值高达114.89μg/m3.
- SEM/EDS证实,在所有三个采矿场所都发现了可呼吸的自由二氧化颗粒,而Kaniha OCP对健康构成的风险最高.
结论:
- 卡尼哈OCP具有最重要的健康风险来自可呼吸暴露,包括致癌和非致癌的结果.
- 巴拉特普尔OCP也带来了相当大的风险,而Lingaraj OCP显示了较低的风险水平.
- 在这些煤矿环境中,有效的防尘和个人防护设备对于减轻暴露至关重要.
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