巴西宫癌流行病学:2000年至2018年的特定年龄趋势
Sofia Vidaurre Mendes1, Daniel Gonçalves Kischinhevsky1, Jessé Lopes da Silva1
1Division of Clinical Research and Technological Development, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
JCO global oncology
|February 20, 2026
概括
在巴西,子宫癌的发病率整体下降,但在年轻女性中增加,这表明人们正在转向早期诊断. 这凸显了加强查和HPV疫苗接种战略的必要性.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 宫癌 (CC) 在包括巴西在内的低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 构成了重大公共卫生挑战.
- 全球CC发病率有所下降,但特定年龄的趋势可能会掩盖年轻人群中的上升率.
- 了解这些趋势对于有针对性的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估2000年至2018年巴西CC发病率的时间趋势.
- 分析这段时间内CC发病率的特定年龄变化.
- 为了确定宫癌诊断时年龄的潜在变化.
主要方法:
- 利用了巴西基于人口的癌症登记 (PBCRs) (2000-2018) 的发病率数据和诊断时的年龄.
- 使用Joinpoint回归分析来评估时间趋势,计算年度百分比变化 (APC) 和平均APC (AAPC).
- 进行了年龄分层分析,以检查不同年龄组的发病率变化.
主要成果:
- 在2000年至2018年期间,在33个PBCR中确定了66358例CC病例.
- 从2000年到2013年 (APC: -4.5%) 观察到调整后的CC发病率的总体显著下降,随后从2013年到2018年 (APC: 3.1%).
- 发现诊断时的平均年龄从52岁降低到48岁,25至44岁女性的发病率上升趋势.
结论:
- 巴西CC的潜在流行病学转变是由中位数年龄的下降和45岁以下妇女的发病率的增加表明.
- 这些发现强调了加强国家查计划的必要性.
- 建议扩大人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种范围,并进行综合分子HPV测试以预防.
相关概念视频
Prevalence and Incidence
2.0K
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
2.0K
Cancer Survival Analysis
793
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
793
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
1.4K
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
1.4K
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
1.0K
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
1.0K
Cancer Prevention
8.2K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
8.2K
Introduction to Epidemiology
2.0K
Epidemiology, known as the cornerstone of public health, involves studying the distribution and determinants of health-related events in defined populations and applying these insights to control health issues. This is essential for understanding how diseases spread, identifying populations at greater risk, and implementing measures to control or prevent outbreaks. Epidemiology addresses not only infectious diseases but also non-communicable conditions like cancer and cardiovascular disease,...
2.0K


