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通过单细胞和空间奥米克学,对植物免疫网络的系统级理解

Doni Thingujam¹, Zhengzhi Tan², Yiqing Wang²

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.

Current opinion in plant biology

|February 20, 2026

概括

植物拥有复杂的免疫系统,包括模式触发免疫 (PTI) 和效应因子触发免疫 (ETI) 来对抗病原体. 了解结合核酸的氨酸丰富重复受体 (NLRs) 是提高作物抗病能力的关键.

科学领域:

植物免疫力和疾病抵抗力的分子机制.
植物病原体相互作用中的基因组学,蛋白质组学和系统生物学.

背景情况:

植物采用多层免疫系统,包括PAMP触发免疫 (PTI),效应器触发免疫 (ETI) 和全身获得抵抗 (SAR),以检测和应对微生物威胁.
结合核酸的氨酸丰富的重复受体 (NLRs) 是植物免疫的关键组成部分,作为传感器和信号中心.

研究的目的:

提供关于植物免疫受体激活,基因调节,蛋白质网络和染色质动态如何共同塑造免疫反应的综合概述.
探索系统和合成生物学在农作物中设计耐用,广泛的抗病能力方面的潜力.

主要方法:

审查关于植物免疫,NLR功能和omics技术的现有文献.
整合了结构生物学,蛋白质组学,相互作用体研究和表观遗传学分析的发现.
讨论应用于植物疾病耐药性的系统和合成生物学方法.

主要成果:

NLRs作为传感器和辅助蛋白质起作用,形成抵抗体复合体,触发下游信号通路 (流入,ROS产生,转录激活).
单细胞和空间奥米克揭示了免疫激活异质性,具有专门的"PRIMER"和"旁观者"细胞群.
蛋白质网络,表观遗传修饰和RNA介导机制微调NLR信号的特异性和强度.

结论:

对于全面了解NLR介导的免疫,整合各种分子和细胞机制,对于推进植物防御至关重要.
系统和合成生物学为合理设计增强和持久的作物抗病能力提供了有希望的途径.

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