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相关概念视频

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

848
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
848
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

845
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
845
Language Development01:22

Language Development

977
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
977
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

3.9K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
3.9K
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

1.1K
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
1.1K
Language01:16

Language

954
Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
954

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相关实验视频

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

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语言上下文灵活调节语言控制机制.

Kalinka Timmer1, Agata Wolna2, Jakub Szewczyk3

  • 1Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

Cognition
|February 20, 2026
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

双语者根据他们的直接环境来调整他们的语言控制机制. 语言上下文灵活地塑造了语音的产生,即使上下文发生了变化,效果也会持续下去.

关键词:
不对称的开关成本不对称的开关成本双语语言控制 双语语言控制语言语境 语言背景 语言背景语言切换 语言切换逆转了语言的主导地位.

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects
07:36

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

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Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task
05:31

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

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Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language
09:27

Using Eye Movements Recorded in the Visual World Paradigm to Explore the Online Processing of Spoken Language

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科学领域:

  • 心理语言学 心理语言学
  • 认知神经科学 认知神经科学

背景情况:

  • 双语者利用语言控制机制来产生语音.
  • 语言切换任务 (LST) 测量了不对称的切换成本和反向的语言主导地位.

研究的目的:

  • 调查语言环境 (L1-或L2-主导) 是否影响语言控制指数.
  • 为了确定这些调制是否在切换任务后还存在.

主要方法:

  • 波兰语-英语不平衡的双语者在L1和L2主导的环境中执行了LST.
  • 在LST之前和之后进行了图像命名任务,以评估效应的持续性.

主要成果:

  • 语言背景调制的切换成本和语言的主导地位.
  • 在L2占主导地位的环境中,转换成本不对称性逆转,反向占主导地位下降.
  • 在LST期间,语言的主导地位逆转,并在LST后持续存在.

结论:

  • 即时的语言背景动态塑造双语语言控制机制.
  • 控制机制适应上下文需求,而不仅仅是固定的特征.