印度社区环境中的抗菌素耐药性尿病原体的表型和基因型表征:一个多中心的横截面研究
Sarita Mohapatra1, Swati Pundir1, Rajashree Panigrahy2
1Department of Microbiology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.
Journal of global antimicrobial resistance
|February 20, 2026
概括
耐药性泌尿病原体,包括高危克隆大肠杆菌和Klebsiella肺炎,在印度社区获得的尿路感染中很普遍. 基因组分析揭示了特定的抗微生物耐药性基因和等离子体,需要加强监测和明智的抗生素使用.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 社区获得的尿路感染 (CA-UTIs) 是一个重要的公共卫生问题.
- 了解尿病原体的流行率和遗传特征对于有效治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定导致印度CA-UTIs的泌尿病原体的流行率和基因组特征.
- 在这些病原体中表征抗微生物耐药性 (AMR) 和毒性基因.
主要方法:
- 印度的多中心跨截面社区研究.
- 尿病原体的鉴定和抗微生物敏感性测试.
- 全基因组测序 (WGS) 用于基因组表征,包括AMR和病毒性基因,以及序列类型 (ST).
主要成果:
- 在11.8%的样本中检测到显著的细菌性尿;大肠杆菌 (63%) 和肺炎菌 (15.7%) 主要存在.
- 在大肠杆菌和K. pneumoniae中,扩展谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL) 生产,多药性耐药性 (MDR) 和卡巴胺耐药性的高患病率.
- 基因组分析确定了高风险克隆 (例如,大肠杆菌ST131,ST1193;K.肺炎ST15,ST16,ST231) 携带关键的AMR基因,如blaCTX-M-15,blaNDM-5.
结论:
- 在印度社区环境中广泛存在耐药,高风险的泌尿病原体克隆.
- 迫切需要采用多方面的方法,包括常规AMR监测和明智的抗生素选择.
- 工作组确定了与耐药性相关的特定基因系和等离子体,如大肠杆菌中的ST131和ST1193.
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