人类,灌木和火灾正在影响危的狼群
Dário Hipólito1,2, Ana M Figueiredo3, Eduardo Ferreira3
1CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal. dhipolito@ua.pt.
Scientific reports
|February 20, 2026
概括
人类活动,特别是人类足迹指数 (HFI) 和火灾,对葡萄牙的伊比利亚狼 (Canis lupus signatus) 发生有重大影响. 保护工作必须解决这些人类造成的物种生存和人狼共存的因素.
科学领域:
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物生态生态学
- 人与野生动物的互动
背景情况:
- 伊比利亚狼 (Canis lupus signatus) 由于全球变化,人类活动和迫害,在葡萄牙面临灭绝的风险.
- 了解环境和人为驱动因素对于在人类主导的景观中保护伊比利亚狼种群至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估景观特征,人为因素和食物供应对葡萄牙中部伊比利亚狼发生的影响.
- 为了确定影响狼群分布的关键变量,以制定有效的保护战略.
主要方法:
- 利用来自葡萄牙中部月度狼调查的长期数据库 (2011-2021年).
- 应用了通用线性混合模型来分析2x2公里网格细胞中的狼的发生情况.
- 使用AICc选择了最好的模型,并通过R2和β权重确定了变量重要性.
主要成果:
- 人类造成的因素,特别是人类足迹指数 (HFI) 和累积烧伤面积,显著地对狼的出现产生了负面影响.
- 景观特征显示了一些影响,狼更喜欢山顶和避免农业用地,虽然不是统计学上显著的.
- 食物资源的可用性没有显著影响狼的出现.
结论:
- 人类造成的压力是伊比利亚狼分布的主要驱动因素,突出显著的人狼冲突.
- 减少人类影响,如火灾,可以增强野生类动物种群,增加粮食供应,减少牲畜掠夺.
- 实施减轻人狼冲突的保护战略对于促进物种恢复和共存至关重要.
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