东非喘的患病率和风险因素:系统性审查和元分析
Ermias Sisay Chanie1, Adam Jaffe2,3, Jahidur Rahman Khan2
1Department of Pediatric and Child Health Nursing, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia. ermisis1888@gmail.com.
BMC pediatrics
|February 20, 2026
概括
儿童喘在东非普遍存在,影响15.2%的儿童. 关键的危险因素包括家庭病史,环境和过敏暴露以及吸烟,需要有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 儿科呼吸系统医学 儿科呼吸系统医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 东非地区的公共卫生
背景情况:
- 发展中国家的儿童喘患病率正在上升,造成严重的健康和经济负担.
- 确定区域性喘负担对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和对东非儿童喘的流行情况进行元分析.
- 确定该地区与儿童喘相关的关键风险因素.
主要方法:
- 一项对11项涉及6个东非国家的20258名儿童的研究进行了系统审查和元分析.
- 在PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,Scopus和Web of Science中进行的搜索,遵循PRISMA指南.
- 随机效应的元分析用于计算聚合的流行率和赔率比率,通过科克兰Q测试和I2统计评估异质性.
主要成果:
- 在东非,儿童喘的综合流行率为15.2% (95% CI:11.9%,18.5%),因国家而异 (坦桑尼亚:5.2%,乌干达:20.8%).
- 确定的重大风险因素包括家庭喘病史 (POR=3.1),环境暴露 (POR=10.1),过敏暴露 (POR=3.1),吸烟暴露 (POR=2.9).
结论:
- 儿童喘在东非具有很高的患病率和多种相关风险因素.
- 建议强调针对环境暴露,过敏和吸烟等可修改因素的有针对性的干预措施.
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