青少年的社会支持,自我效能,感知邻居环境特征和身体活动时间:一项纵向研究
José Cazuza de Farias Júnior1,2,3, Juliana Maria da Penha Freire Silva1,2, Eduarda Cristina da Costa Silva1,2
1Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Epidemiologia da Atividade Física-GEPEAF, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
Journal of physical activity & health
|February 21, 2026
概括
父母和朋友的社会支持,以及自我效能,显著增加了青少年的体育活动时间. 邻里环境特征与体育活动持续时间没有直接关联.
科学领域:
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 了解影响青少年身体活动的因素对于公共健康至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,社会和环境因素起着作用.
- 调查社会支持,自我效能和社区环境的相互作用是关键.
研究的目的:
- 分析社会支持,自我效能,感知邻居环境和青少年体育活动时间之间的关系.
- 检查这些因素之间的潜在相互作用及其对身体活动的影响.
- 为了确定社会人口统计学特征是否调节这些关系.
主要方法:
- 一项为期3年的纵向研究,每年从319名青少年 (在基线时年龄为10-13岁) 收集数据.
- 从巴西João Pessoa的28所学校收集的数据,使用验证的社会支持,自我效能和感知环境的尺度.
- 通过问卷测量体育活动练习时间;使用通用估计方程分析数据.
主要成果:
- 父亲 (β = 5.1),母亲 (β = 9.0) 和朋友 (β = 19.4) 的社会支持与更长的体育活动练习时间有积极的关联.
- 自我有效性也与增加体育活动持续时间 (β = 27.1) 有关.
- 感知到的邻居环境特征与体育活动时间没有显著的关联,并且没有发现社会人口统计学因素的适度.
结论:
- 父母和同龄人的社会支持,以及自我效能,是青少年体育活动持续时间的重要决定因素.
- 这些因素应在旨在促进青少年体育活动的干预措施中优先考虑.
- 未来的研究可以探索其他影响青少年体育活动的环境或个人因素.
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