自毁减弱辅助剂沙门氏菌作为安全和有效的活体疫苗辅助剂
Banikalyan Swain1, Soo-Young Wanda2, Roy Curtiss3
1University of Florida, Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. swainb@ufl.edu.
NPJ vaccines
|February 21, 2026
概括
工程Salmonella细菌,称为SDAAS,作为安全有效的疫苗辅助剂. 这些新型细菌平台增强了免疫反应,用于粘膜和全身疫苗的输送.
科学领域:
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 下一代疫苗辅助剂需要增强免疫刺激和安全性,特别是用于粘膜输送.
- 活体细菌平台,如沙门氏菌,显示出希望,但需要改进生物安全功能.
研究的目的:
- 开发和描述一个合理设计的活衰减沙门氏菌辅助剂平台,称为自我破坏衰减辅助剂沙门氏菌 (SDAAS).
- 为潜在的疫苗应用评估SDAAS菌株的安全性,免疫性和辅助性质.
主要方法:
- 设计了三种候选SDAAS菌株 (χ12612, χ12621, χ12626) 具有编程的辅食性,修饰的脂质A/LPS,以及设计的鞭毛蛋白.
- 评估了自我限制的生长,安全性 (LD50,腹腔/粘膜给药),体外细胞毒性和TLR信号 (TLR4,TLR5).
- 使用卵泡作为模型抗原评估抗原特异性免疫反应,包括转录组分析和细胞因子分析 (IL-6,TNF-α,IL-10).
主要成果:
- SDAAS菌株表现出自我限制的生长和完全安全的管理路径.
- 工程化脂质A降低了内毒素活性,而修改后的鞭毛素确保了强大的TLR5信号传输.
- 转录组分析揭示了广泛的先天免疫通路激活,特别是与菌株 χ12621.1.
- 抗原特异性IgG反应强烈,与商业辅助剂 (如) 相比或优于它们.
结论:
- SDAAS菌株代表了疫苗辅助剂开发的安全,可调节和多功能平台.
- 这些工程Salmonella提供有效的先天性免疫刺激,适合粘膜和全身传递.
- SDAAS的内置生物安全功能解决了活细菌疫苗辅助剂设计中的关键挑战.
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