食用植物中必需的微量元素:平衡营养益处和潜在的健康风险
Agata Stolecka1, Pilar Ortiz Sandoval2,3, Agnieszka Gruszecka-Kosowska1
1AGH University of Krakow, Poland, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, Department of Environmental Protection, Al Mickiewicza 30, Kraków 30-059, Poland.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
|February 22, 2026
概括
波兰食用植物中的必需微量元素 (ETE) 显示出不同的营养贡献和健康风险. 生物可访问性数据对于准确的饮食风险评估和营养指南至关重要.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 食品化学 食品化学
背景情况:
- 基本微量元素 (ETE) 如 (Co),铜 (Cu),铁 (Fe), (Mn) 和 (Zn) 对于人类健康至关重要.
- 了解它们在常用食品中的度和生物可访问性是营养评估和风险评估的关键.
- 可食用植物是波兰人饮食的重要组成部分,需要对其ETE含量进行彻底检查.
研究的目的:
- 量化波兰各种食用植物中Co,Cu,Fe,Mn和Zn的总和可生物利用度.
- 评估从这些植物中摄入ETE的营养贡献和潜在的非致癌健康风险.
- 评估不同提取方法和生物可访问性对饮食暴露估计的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用七种标准化提取方法分析蔬菜,水果和谷物中ETE总和生物可访问度.
- 应用蒙特卡洛模拟来计算估计营养摄入量 (ENI) 和危险系数 (HQ),并纳入消耗和吸收的变化.
- 基于植物类型,提取方案和生物可访问性对结果进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 在不同的植物类型和提取方法中观察到ETE度和生物可访问性的显著变化.
- 经生物可访问性调整的摄入量估计通常低于基于总元素度的估计.
- 大多数估计的营养摄入量都在建议范围之内,但在某些场景中发现了潜在的暴露不足 (Co,Fe) 或过度暴露 (Cu,Mn).
结论:
- 生物可访问性显著影响食用植物的营养摄入量和健康风险的估计.
- 目前的饮食评估模型应该整合生物可访问性数据,以便更准确的营养评估.
- 这些发现强调了需要精细的营养指南和风险评估,考虑到植物性饮食中的元素生物可用性.
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