实践护士培训和当地医疗服务提供商供应
Anja F Gruber1, Anders Van Sandt2, Craig W Carpenter3
1University of Wyoming 1000E. University Ave. Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
Journal of health economics
|February 22, 2026
概括
新的研究生护理课程大大提高了当地护士执业人员 (NP) 的供应,特别是在农村地区. 这种扩张改善了获得初级保健的机会,而不会对医生人数产生负面影响,解决了农村卫生不平等问题.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 农村卫生政策 农村卫生政策
- 劳动力发展 劳动力发展
背景情况:
- 执业护士 (NP) 劳动力已显著增长,特别是在农村地区,但农村卫生结果落后于城市地区.
- 有限的实证研究存在于NP和初级保健医生之间的相互作用和替代效应.
- 农村县面临着与城市同行相比,健康结果和获得护理的机会日益恶化.
研究的目的:
- 调查新毕业护理课程对当地NP和初级保健医生的供应的影响.
- 分析NP供应增加对周边农村和服务不足县的溢出效应.
- 评估计划毕业生对区域NP劳动力的长期保留和贡献.
主要方法:
- 利用了县级数据,了解研究生护理课程的开放情况.
- 在使用IPEDS和AHRF数据的情况下,雇员分阶段化差异框架.
- 分析了十年来对当地NP供应和初级保健医生人数的影响.
主要成果:
- 新的研究生护理课程导致了当地NP供应的大幅增加.
- 在附近的农村县和那些提供者与人口比例较低的县观察到积极的溢出效应.
- 在同一个县,高达30%的毕业生成为获得许可的NP,其中大多数人为区域供应做出了贡献,特别是在农村项目中.
结论:
- 建立研究生护理课程有效地增加了当地和地区的NP供应.
- NP员工人数的扩大不会对初级保健医生的数量产生不利影响,这表明整体提供者供应的增长.
- 农村医疗教育对于提高初级保健准入和减轻健康不平等至关重要.
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