智力障碍支持:传统治疗师对与西方培训的医疗保健从业者合作的看法
Simthandile L Witbooi1, Monique A Os1, Siyabulela G Mkabile1
1Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Transcultural psychiatry
|February 22, 2026
概括
南非的传统治疗师认为与西方医师的合作对于支持智障儿童至关重要. 解决诸如实践差异和系统差异等障碍是有效,协同的ID护理的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医学人类学 医学人类学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 智力障碍 (ID) 是一种普遍存在的发育障碍,影响智力,社会和适应性功能,构成重大公共卫生挑战.
- 资源不足的社区,比如南非的Khayelitsha,在获得生物心理社会支持方面面临着巨大的障碍,同时也面临着高的ID患病率.
- 传统治疗师是社区资源,可以弥合ID支持的差距,特别是在西方医疗保健获取有限的地区.
研究的目的:
- 探索传统治疗师在与西方训练有素的医疗保健从业者合作的观点,以支持智力障碍 (ID).
- 确定影响传统治疗师和西方医疗保健提供者在ID护理方面的潜在合作的障碍和促进者.
- 了解如何在社区背景下实现协同的ID支持.
主要方法:
- 采用现象学方法和Bronfenbrenner的生态系统理论的定性研究.
- 与传统治疗师进行了25次半结构面试和一个焦点小组讨论.
- 用布劳恩和克拉克的六步方法对11次采访和焦点组数据进行主题分析.
主要成果:
- 七个关键主题出现,分为障碍物 (不同的治疗实践,系统差异,偏见) 和促进者 (建立关系,协作系统,资源获取) 的类别.
- 传统治疗师认为合作是一种明智的方法,可以增强对ID儿童的支持.
- 合作面临的挑战包括不同的治疗方式和不利于传统治疗师的系统不平等.
结论:
- 传统治疗师和西方医师之间的合作被认为是协同智力障碍 (ID) 支持的有益因素.
- 解决已识别的障碍,如系统差异和偏见,对于成功整合传统和西方医疗保健方法至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该侧重于基于社区的ID协作,记录传统实践,并倡导政策变革以纠正系统不平等.
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