乳腺癌查变化的预测因素在全国乳腺癌和宫癌早期检测计划中获奖者:提供者短缺和护士执业人员自治
Yamisha Bermudez1, Jacqueline Miller1, Kristy Kenney1
1Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)
|February 22, 2026
概括
国家乳腺癌和宫癌早期检测计划 (NBCCEDP) 获奖者在拥有全护士从业者自主权和更多初级保健卫生专业人员短缺地区 (PC-HPSAs) 的州选了更多有资格的女性进行乳腺癌检查.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
背景情况:
- 乳腺癌查率在国家乳腺癌和宫癌早期检测计划 (NBCCEDP) 获奖者之间有很大差异.
- 影响查差异的因素需要调查,以提高计划的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 评估获奖者和州级因素对NBCCEDP获奖者乳腺癌查百分比的影响.
- 检查初级保健医疗专业人员短缺地区 (PC-HPSA) 和执业护士 (NP) 实践范围在查率中的作用.
主要方法:
- 计算了NBCCEDP国家获奖者 (2022年7月至2024年6月) 选的合格女性的百分比.
- 利用多层次模型分析获奖者和州级预测因素,包括PC-HPSA状态和NP自主性.
- 使用边际和部分R平方值对选变异性的量化预测因素贡献.
主要成果:
- 平均查率为9.6%,具有很大的差异 (0.5%-78.0%).
- 在拥有完全NP自治和较大的PC-HPSA人口的州观察到更高的查百分比.
- 全 NP 自主性和较大的 PC-HPSA 种群之间的相互作用显示出与查率的显著正相关性 (β=0.46,P=.02).
- 模型预测因素解释了59%的变化;PC-HPSA状态是最大的贡献者 (27%).
结论:
- 获得NBCCEDP奖项的人应优先接触PC-HPSA中的女性.
- 与执业护士的战略合作可以帮助缓解乳腺癌查方面的差异.
- 解决地理和劳动力因素对于提高癌症查计划覆盖率至关重要.
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