为什么患者留在或离开医疗量身定制的饮食计划:一个定性研究
Sara C Folta1, Jessica Burch2, Matthew Alcusky3
1Food is Medicine Institute, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.
Frontiers in public health
|February 23, 2026
概括
医疗定制餐 (MTM) 改善健康,但患者的入学和完成情况各不相同. 诸如口味偏好和感知到的必要性等因素会影响患者是否留在MTM计划中或退出MTM计划.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 质量健康研究 质量健康研究
背景情况:
- 医疗定制餐 (MTM) 为患有复杂健康状况的患者提供营养支持.
- 虽然MTM可以改善健康结果并降低医疗保健成本,但了解患者参与度是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 探索影响入学,完成和退出MTM计划的患者因素.
- 根据患者的经验,确定提高MTM计划有效性的策略.
主要方法:
- 使用半结构面试对28名MTM项目参与者 (完成者和未完成者) 进行定性研究.
- 采访探讨了患者和程序特征,使用定向定性内容分析和矩阵编码进行分析.
主要成果:
- 患者参加了MTM以缓解症状和改善功能;一些非完成者专注于减肥.
- 两组人都对该计划有积极的看法,尽管味道和份量大小是最初的担忧.
- 不补餐的人由于口味问题或因为他们的健康状况有所改善/情况发生变化而退出,使得用餐变得不那么必要.
结论:
- 患者对体重结果,食口味和份量大小的期望是MTM计划完成的关键.
- 纳入患者反对于优化MTM程序设计和有效性至关重要.
- MTMs的教育方面支持参与者的持续饮食变化.
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