基于正念的简短干预措施是否可以提高与运动相关的表现? 一个系统的审查
Shudian Cao1, Yuantao Cheng2, Jia Liu3,4
1School of Physical Education, Xihua University, Chengdu, China.
Frontiers in public health
|February 23, 2026
概括
基于正念的简短干预 (MBI) 对高尔夫球和篮球等特定体育技能显示了短期的好处. 虽然对于精确任务是有效的,但效果是急性,并且在不同的运动中有所不同.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 正念研究 研究正念研究
背景情况:
- 基于正念的干预措施 (MBI) 增强了对体育表现至关重要的心理因素.
- 传统的MBI存在时间,成本和可访问性等障碍.
- 简短的MBI (≤30分钟) 正成为一个更容易获得的替代方案.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查简短的MBI对短暂的体育相关绩效结果的影响.
- 评估时间效率高的正念练习对运动能力的影响.
主要方法:
- 在五个主要数据库中进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包含的研究是截至2025年11月发表的随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 方法质量通过使用Cochrane风险偏见2 (RoB2) 工具进行了评估.
主要成果:
- 十个RCT表明,简短的MBI对特定的绩效结果产生了积极的影响,特别是基于精确的运动技能.
- 在高尔夫投篮,手握力,篮球战术表现和点球/自由投中,有所改善.
- 对于篮球自由投的准确性观察到混合的结果,并且没有发现对肌肉耐力有显著的影响.
结论:
- 简短的MBI (≤30分钟) 可以在需要注意力,精细运动控制和决策的运动中产生短期的性能提升.
- 观察到的影响是急性,在不同体育运动中存在不一致的证据.
- 建议通过标准化评估和更广泛的性能/生理测量进行进一步的研究.
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