评估静脉血栓栓塞的发生率和危险因素:叙述性审查
1Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Materia socio-medica
|February 23, 2026
概括
静脉血栓塞栓症 (VTE),包括深静脉血栓症和肺栓塞,影响全球许多人. 关键的危险因素包括住院,手术,晚年和某些疾病,需要个性化预防策略.
科学领域:
- 医学研究 医学研究
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 临床医学 临床医学
背景情况:
- 静脉血栓塞栓症 (VTE),包括深静脉血栓症 (DVT) 和肺栓塞 (PE),代表着一个重要的全球健康挑战.
- 在全球范围内,VTE导致了大量的发病率,死亡率和经济负担.
- 这是一个多因素的情况,受到各种风险因素的影响,如住院,手术,重症监护和潜在的医疗条件.
研究的目的:
- 进行VTE患病率的综合评估.
- 确定与各种临床和人口群体VTE相关的关键风险因素.
- 为VTE提供信息并改进预防措施.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Scopus和Google Scholar上进行了系统的文献搜索,寻找1998年至2022年间发表的研究.
- 关键词包括"静脉血栓栓塞","深静脉血栓","肺栓塞","发生率"和"危险因素".
- 符合条件的研究是观察性,队列和系统性审查,重点关注人群中VTE流行病学和风险因素;非英语研究和有缺陷方法的研究被排除在外.
主要成果:
- 在全球范围内,VTE的发病率各不相同,住院患者 (15-30%) 和重症患者 (高达20%) 的发病率更高.
- 确定的主要危险因素包括晚年,住院,手术,恶性瘤,肥胖,不运动,遗传性血栓性病和罕见疾病,如KILT综合征.
- 种族和性别差异也在VTE发病率中发挥着作用.
结论:
- 预防VTE需要个性化的方法,考虑独特的风险概况.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑跨不同人群的前性研究,以改进风险评估模型.
- 加强风险评估将使个性化血栓预防成为可能,最终减少VTE负担.
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