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改善儿童和青少年注意力缺陷多动性障碍的执行功能:一个网络元分析

Zixuan Yang¹, Ke Zhao², Yuanye Hu¹

¹Department of Leisure Services Sports, Pai Chai University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.

Frontiers in psychiatry

|February 23, 2026

概括

基于技能的炼有望改善ADHD儿童的抑制控制和认知灵活性. 有氧运动可以增强工作记忆,但需要对最佳运动参数进行更多研究.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
儿科儿科儿科
运动科学运动科学

背景情况:

注意缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一种影响执行功能的神经发育障碍.
执行功能,包括抑制控制,工作记忆和认知灵活性,在ADHD患者中经常受到损害.
运动干预正在被探索作为一种非药物治疗方法来改善ADHD的认知功能.

研究的目的:

进行网络元分析,研究不同运动参数对ADHD儿童和青少年执行功能的影响.
为优化ADHD管理的运动干预提供基于证据的见解.
确定最有效的运动类型,持续时间,频率和强度,以增强特定的执行功能.

主要方法:

在2025年2月1日之前,对五个数据库进行系统搜索,确定了21项随机对照试验 (RCT),共有1491名参与者 (年龄在7-18岁).
使用Cochrane工具对偏见风险的评估.
计算效果测量的标准化平均差异 (SMD),使用Sucra进行概率排名和GRADE用于证据质量.

主要成果:

基于技能的运动在抑制性控制 (SMD = 0.73) 和认知灵活性 (SMD = 3.08) 方面表现出比孤立有氧运动更好的效果.
与对照组相比,联合炼干预措施显示工作记忆的显著改善 (SMD = 0.73).
最高的概率排名有利于基于技能的炼以抑制控制和认知灵活性,而有氧运动在工作记忆方面排名最高.

结论:

初步发现表明,在6-10周内,适度强度,基于技能的运动可能会改善抑制控制和认知灵活性.
有氧运动可以在4-5周内增强工作记忆.
需要进一步的研究来澄清ADHD亚型,年龄和剂量反应关系的影响,临床实施需要个性化和验证.

关键词:

青少年青少年青少年孩子们的孩子们的孩子们的孩子们执行职能执行职能是指执行职能.运动处方运动处方网络元分析网络元分析

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